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Operome - StGB consolidated, offences against personal liberty (§232 to §241)
Eighteenth Title · fourteen sections · objective Tatbestand encoded, penalties and excluded provisions struck · German governs
Eighteenth Title · fourteen sections · objective Tatbestand encoded, penalties and excluded provisions struck · German governs
{Variable} input · [Computable] act / derived · «if … end if» condition · struck excluded · word-for-word dissection; the law is reconstructable from the substrate
Source (English, unofficial)
Operome markup - original text encoded
(1) A person who, exploiting another person’s personal or financial predicament or their helplessness associated with their stay in a foreign country, recruits, transports, passes on, accommodates or takes in that person, or who recruits, transports, passes on, accommodates or takes in another person under the age of twenty-one, shall be punished with imprisonment for a term of six months to five years if 1. that person is to be exploited a) in the practice of prostitution or in the performance of sexual acts on or in front of the perpetrator or a third person, or in the submission to sexual acts on themselves by the perpetrator or a third person, b) through employment, c) in the practice of begging, or d) in the commission by that person of acts punishable by law, 2. that person is to be held in slavery, serfdom, debt bondage or in conditions equivalent or similar thereto, or 3. that person is to have an organ unlawfully removed. Exploitation through employment within the meaning of sentence 1, point 1(b) occurs where, driven by a reckless pursuit of profit, the employment takes place under working conditions that are grossly disproportionate to the working conditions of employees engaged in the same or a comparable occupation (exploitative employment). (2) A person who, with the intention of exploiting another person in the manner described in paragraph 1, sentence 1, points 1 to 3, 1. recruits, transports, transfers, harbours or accommodates that person by means of violence, threats of serious harm or deception, or 2. abducts or seizes that person, or facilitates their seizure by a third party. (3) In the cases referred to in paragraph 1, a term of imprisonment of between six months and ten years shall be imposed if 1. the victim is under the age of eighteen at the time of the offence, 2. the offender physically abuses the victim severely during the offence, or, through the offence or an act committed during the offence, at least recklessly exposes the victim to the risk of death or serious harm to health, or 3. the offender acts professionally or as a member of a gang that has joined together for the purpose of continuously committing such offences. In the cases referred to in paragraph 2, a term of imprisonment of between one and ten years shall be imposed if any of the circumstances referred to in sentence 1, points 1 to 3, apply. (4) In the cases referred to in paragraphs 1, 2 and 3, first sentence, an attempt is punishable.
«if HumanTrafficking is true»(1) Shall be punished with imprisonment for a term of six months to five years {Actor} who, «if {Exploits} is true»exploiting the «if {PersonalPredicament} is true»personal «end if» «if {FinancialPredicament} is true»or financial «end if» predicament of {Person} «if {ForeignCountryHelplessness} is true»or their helplessness associated with their stay in a foreign country «end if» «end if», «if {Recruits} is true»recruits «end if» «if {Transports} is true», transports «end if» «if {PassesOn} is true», passes on «end if» «if {Accommodates} is true», accommodates «end if» «if {TakesIn} is true»or takes in «end if» {Person}, or who «if {Recruits} is true»recruits «end if» «if {Transports} is true», transports «end if» «if {PassesOn} is true», passes on «end if» «if {Accommodates} is true», accommodates «end if» «if {TakesIn} is true»or takes in «end if» {Person} «if [PersonUnder21] is true»under the age of {AgeLimit21} «end if», if 1. «if {IsToBeExploited} is true»{Person} is to be exploited a) «if {InProstitution} is true»in the practice of prostitution «end if» or in the performance of [SexualActs] «if {PerformsActsOnActor} is true»on {Actor} «end if» «if {PerformsActsInFrontOfActor} is true»or in front of {Actor} «end if» «if {PerformsActsOnThirdPerson} is true»or on a {ThirdPerson} «end if» «if {PerformsActsInFrontOfThirdPerson} is true»or in front of a {ThirdPerson} «end if», or in the submission to [SexualActs] on themselves «if {SubmitsToActsByActor} is true»by {Actor} «end if» «if {SubmitsToActsByThirdPerson} is true»or by a {ThirdPerson} «end if», b) «if [Leg1b] is true»{ThroughEmployment} through employment «end if», c) «if {WhileBegging} is true»in the practice of begging «end if», or d) «if {CommittingPunishableActs} is true»in the commission by {Person} of acts punishable by law «end if» «end if», 2. «if {IsToBeHeldIn} is true»{Person} is to be held in «if {Slavery} is true»slavery «end if» «if {Serfdom} is true», serfdom «end if» «if {DebtBondage} is true», debt bondage «end if» or in conditions «if {EquivalentConditions} is true»equivalent «end if» «if {SimilarConditions} is true»or similar «end if» thereto «end if», or 3. «if {OrganToBeRemoved} is true»{Person} is to have an organ «end if» {Unlawfully} unlawfully removed. «if [ExploitativeEmployment] is true»Exploitation through employment within the meaning of sentence 1, point 1(b) occurs where, «if {RecklessPursuitOfProfit} is true»driven by a reckless pursuit of profit «end if», the employment takes place under working conditions that are «if {GrosslyDisproportionate} is true»grossly disproportionate «end if» to the working conditions of employees engaged in «if {ComparedToSameOccupation} is true»the same «end if» «if {ComparedToComparableOccupation} is true»or a comparable «end if» occupation (exploitative employment) «end if». (2) A person who, with the intention of exploiting another person in the manner described in paragraph 1, sentence 1, points 1 to 3, 1. recruits, transports, transfers, harbours or accommodates that person by means of violence, threats of serious harm or deception, or 2. abducts or seizes that person, or facilitates their seizure by a third party. (3) In the cases referred to in paragraph 1, a term of imprisonment of between six months and ten years shall be imposed if 1. the victim is under the age of eighteen at the time of the offence, 2. the offender physically abuses the victim severely during the offence, or, through the offence or an act committed during the offence, at least recklessly exposes the victim to the risk of death or serious harm to health, or 3. the offender acts professionally or as a member of a gang that has joined together for the purpose of continuously committing such offences. In the cases referred to in paragraph 2, a term of imprisonment of between one and ten years shall be imposed if any of the circumstances referred to in sentence 1, points 1 to 3, apply. (4) In the cases referred to in paragraphs 1, 2 and 3, first sentence, an attempt is punishable.«end if»
Annexes
Computables
[Leg1aActs] = PerformsActsOnActor is true or PerformsActsInFrontOfActor is true or PerformsActsOnThirdPerson is true or PerformsActsInFrontOfThirdPerson is true or SubmitsToActsByActor is true or SubmitsToActsByThirdPerson is true
[Leg1a] = InProstitution is true or (SexualActs is true and Leg1aActs is true)
[Leg3] = OrganToBeRemoved is true and Unlawfully is true
[ExploitedSituation] = PersonalPredicament is true or FinancialPredicament is true or ForeignCountryHelplessness is true
[PersonUnder21] = PersonAge < AgeLimit21
[Para1Basis] = (Exploits is true and ExploitedSituation is true) or PersonUnder21 is true
[ExploitativeEmployment] = RecklessPursuitOfProfit is true and GrosslyDisproportionate is true and (ComparedToSameOccupation is true or ComparedToComparableOccupation is true)
[Leg1b] = ThroughEmployment is true and ExploitativeEmployment is true
[Leg1] = IsToBeExploited is true and (Leg1a is true or Leg1b is true or WhileBegging is true or CommittingPunishableActs is true)
[HeldConditions] = Slavery is true or Serfdom is true or DebtBondage is true or EquivalentConditions is true or SimilarConditions is true
[Leg2] = IsToBeHeldIn is true and HeldConditions is true
[ExploitationPurpose] = Leg1 is true or Leg2 is true or Leg3 is true
[TraffickingActs] = Recruits is true or Transports is true or PassesOn is true or Accommodates is true or TakesIn is true
[HumanTrafficking] = TraffickingActs is true and Para1Basis is true and ExploitationPurpose is true
[SexualActs] — referenced by canonical name; defined in the sexual-act term in §184h. Not expanded here (cross-operome composition by name).
Business rules
| id | kind | actor | verb / predicate | body |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HTR-R01 | act | Actor | Recruits is true | |
| HTR-R02 | act | Actor | Transports is true | |
| HTR-R03 | act | Actor | PassesOn is true | |
| HTR-R04 | act | Actor | Accommodates is true | |
| HTR-R05 | act | Actor | TakesIn is true | |
| HTR-R06 | act | Actor | Exploits is true | |
| HTR-R07 | condition | None | PersonalPredicament is true | |
| HTR-R08 | condition | None | FinancialPredicament is true | |
| HTR-R09 | condition | None | ForeignCountryHelplessness is true | |
| HTR-R10 | condition | None | IsToBeExploited is true | |
| HTR-R11 | condition | None | InProstitution is true | |
| HTR-R12 | condition | None | PerformsActsOnActor is true | |
| HTR-R13 | condition | None | PerformsActsInFrontOfActor is true | |
| HTR-R14 | condition | None | PerformsActsOnThirdPerson is true | |
| HTR-R15 | condition | None | PerformsActsInFrontOfThirdPerson is true | |
| HTR-R16 | condition | None | SubmitsToActsByActor is true | |
| HTR-R17 | condition | None | SubmitsToActsByThirdPerson is true | |
| HTR-R18 | condition | None | ThroughEmployment is true | |
| HTR-R19 | condition | None | WhileBegging is true | |
| HTR-R20 | condition | None | CommittingPunishableActs is true | |
| HTR-R21 | condition | None | IsToBeHeldIn is true | |
| HTR-R22 | condition | None | Slavery is true | |
| HTR-R23 | condition | None | Serfdom is true | |
| HTR-R24 | condition | None | DebtBondage is true | |
| HTR-R25 | condition | None | EquivalentConditions is true | |
| HTR-R26 | condition | None | SimilarConditions is true | |
| HTR-R27 | condition | None | OrganToBeRemoved is true | |
| HTR-R28 | condition | None | Unlawfully is true | |
| HTR-R29 | condition | None | RecklessPursuitOfProfit is true | |
| HTR-R30 | condition | None | GrosslyDisproportionate is true | |
| HTR-R31 | condition | None | ComparedToSameOccupation is true | |
| HTR-R32 | condition | None | ComparedToComparableOccupation is true | |
| HTR-R90 | condition | None | the person is under the age of twenty-one | PersonUnder21 is true |
| HTR-R91 | condition | None | the act is a sexual act within section 184h | SexualActs is true |
| HTR-R92 | condition | None | the employment is exploitative employment as defined in sentence 2 | ExploitativeEmployment is true |
| HTR-P0 | prohibition | Actor | not realise | not HumanTrafficking |
Tatbestand dissected to the Merkmal
| Source phrase | Doctrinal role | Primitive | Rule | Requires |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A person who | Tätersubjekt | {Actor} | — | in scope |
| {Actor} recruits {Person} | Merkmal | {Recruits} | HTR-R01 | is true |
| {Actor} transports {Person} | Merkmal | {Transports} | HTR-R02 | is true |
| {Actor} passes {Person} on | Merkmal | {PassesOn} | HTR-R03 | is true |
| {Actor} accommodates {Person} | Merkmal | {Accommodates} | HTR-R04 | is true |
| {Actor} takes {Person} in | Merkmal | {TakesIn} | HTR-R05 | is true |
| {Actor} exploits the situation of {Person} | Merkmal | {Exploits} | HTR-R06 | is true |
| the personal predicament of {Person} | Merkmal | {PersonalPredicament} | HTR-R07 | is true |
| the financial predicament of {Person} | Merkmal | {FinancialPredicament} | HTR-R08 | is true |
| the helplessness of {Person} associated with their stay in a foreign country | Merkmal | {ForeignCountryHelplessness} | HTR-R09 | is true |
| {Person} is to be exploited | Merkmal | {IsToBeExploited} | HTR-R10 | is true |
| in the practice of prostitution | Merkmal | {InProstitution} | HTR-R11 | is true |
| {Person} performs the act on {Actor} | Merkmal | {PerformsActsOnActor} | HTR-R12 | is true |
| {Person} performs the act in front of {Actor} | Merkmal | {PerformsActsInFrontOfActor} | HTR-R13 | is true |
| {Person} performs the act on a {ThirdPerson} | Merkmal | {PerformsActsOnThirdPerson} | HTR-R14 | is true |
| {Person} performs the act in front of a {ThirdPerson} | Merkmal | {PerformsActsInFrontOfThirdPerson} | HTR-R15 | is true |
| {Person} submits to the act performed on {Person} by {Actor} | Merkmal | {SubmitsToActsByActor} | HTR-R16 | is true |
| {Person} submits to the act performed on {Person} by a {ThirdPerson} | Merkmal | {SubmitsToActsByThirdPerson} | HTR-R17 | is true |
| through employment | Merkmal | {ThroughEmployment} | HTR-R18 | is true |
| in the practice of begging | Merkmal | {WhileBegging} | HTR-R19 | is true |
| in the commission by {Person} of acts punishable by law | Merkmal | {CommittingPunishableActs} | HTR-R20 | is true |
| {Person} is to be held | Merkmal | {IsToBeHeldIn} | HTR-R21 | is true |
| slavery | Merkmal | {Slavery} | HTR-R22 | is true |
| serfdom | Merkmal | {Serfdom} | HTR-R23 | is true |
| debt bondage | Merkmal | {DebtBondage} | HTR-R24 | is true |
| conditions equivalent thereto | Merkmal | {EquivalentConditions} | HTR-R25 | is true |
| conditions similar thereto | Merkmal | {SimilarConditions} | HTR-R26 | is true |
| an organ is to be removed from {Person} | Merkmal | {OrganToBeRemoved} | HTR-R27 | is true |
| unlawfully | Merkmal | {Unlawfully} | HTR-R28 | is true |
| the employment is driven by a reckless pursuit of profit | Merkmal | {RecklessPursuitOfProfit} | HTR-R29 | is true |
| the working conditions are in gross disproportion to the comparison conditions | Merkmal | {GrosslyDisproportionate} | HTR-R30 | is true |
| employees engaged in the same occupation | Merkmal | {ComparedToSameOccupation} | HTR-R31 | is true |
| employees engaged in a comparable occupation | Merkmal | {ComparedToComparableOccupation} | HTR-R32 | is true |
| (2) means and abduction variant; (3) aggravations; (4) attempt | variant / grading / attempt | — excluded — | — | struck |
Variables appendix
| Variable | Input | Values | Cascade | Surface form (source words) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| {Accommodates} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Actor} accommodates {Person} |
| {Actor} | Reference | – | Session | any person (the actor) |
| {AgeLimit21} | Number | – | Session | twenty-one years |
| {CommittingPunishableActs} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | in the commission by {Person} of acts punishable by law |
| {ComparedToComparableOccupation} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | employees engaged in a comparable occupation |
| {ComparedToSameOccupation} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | employees engaged in the same occupation |
| {DebtBondage} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | debt bondage |
| {EquivalentConditions} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | conditions equivalent thereto |
| {Exploits} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Actor} exploits the situation of {Person} |
| {FinancialPredicament} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | the financial predicament of {Person} |
| {ForeignCountryHelplessness} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | the helplessness of {Person} associated with their stay in a foreign country |
| {GrosslyDisproportionate} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | the working conditions are in gross disproportion to the comparison conditions |
| {InProstitution} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | in the practice of prostitution |
| {IsToBeExploited} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Person} is to be exploited |
| {IsToBeHeldIn} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Person} is to be held |
| {OrganToBeRemoved} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | an organ is to be removed from {Person} |
| {PassesOn} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Actor} passes {Person} on |
| {PerformsActsInFrontOfActor} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Person} performs the act in front of {Actor} |
| {PerformsActsInFrontOfThirdPerson} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Person} performs the act in front of a {ThirdPerson} |
| {PerformsActsOnActor} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Person} performs the act on {Actor} |
| {PerformsActsOnThirdPerson} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Person} performs the act on a {ThirdPerson} |
| {Person} | Party | – | Session | the trafficked person |
| {PersonAge} | Number | – | Session | the age of {Person} in years |
| {PersonalPredicament} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | the personal predicament of {Person} |
| {RecklessPursuitOfProfit} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | the employment is driven by a reckless pursuit of profit |
| {Recruits} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Actor} recruits {Person} |
| {Serfdom} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | serfdom |
| {SimilarConditions} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | conditions similar thereto |
| {Slavery} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | slavery |
| {SubmitsToActsByActor} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Person} submits to the act performed on {Person} by {Actor} |
| {SubmitsToActsByThirdPerson} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Person} submits to the act performed on {Person} by a {ThirdPerson} |
| {TakesIn} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Actor} takes {Person} in |
| {ThirdPerson} | Party | – | Session | a third person |
| {ThroughEmployment} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | through employment |
| {Transports} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Actor} transports {Person} |
| {Unlawfully} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | unlawfully |
| {WhileBegging} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | in the practice of begging |
Reconstruction from the substrate
Committed by any person (the actor) who: ({Actor} recruits {Person} or {Actor} transports {Person} or {Actor} passes {Person} on or {Actor} accommodates {Person} or {Actor} takes {Person} in) and (({Actor} exploits the situation of {Person} and (the personal predicament of {Person} or the financial predicament of {Person} or the helplessness of {Person} associated with their stay in a foreign country)) or (PersonAge < AgeLimit21)) and (({Person} is to be exploited and ((in the practice of prostitution or (the act is a sexual act within the meaning of §184h and ({Person} performs the act on {Actor} or {Person} performs the act in front of {Actor} or {Person} performs the act on a {ThirdPerson} or {Person} performs the act in front of a {ThirdPerson} or {Person} submits to the act performed on {Person} by {Actor} or {Person} submits to the act performed on {Person} by a {ThirdPerson}))) or (through employment and (the employment is driven by a reckless pursuit of profit and the working conditions are in gross disproportion to the comparison conditions and (employees engaged in the same occupation or employees engaged in a comparable occupation))) or in the practice of begging or in the commission by {Person} of acts punishable by law)) or ({Person} is to be held and (slavery or serfdom or debt bondage or conditions equivalent thereto or conditions similar thereto)) or (an organ is to be removed from {Person} and unlawfully)).
Assembled only from the variable surface forms (including the actor) and the computable structure carried in the XSD, not from the source column. It should read as the offence. This is the recoverability test: the law is reverse-derivable from the substrate.
Dependent assessments (reactive invalidation)
| Assessment | Depends on | Invalidation | Trigger effect |
|---|---|---|---|
| [Leg1aActs] | PerformsActsOnActor, PerformsActsInFrontOfActor, PerformsActsOnThirdPerson, PerformsActsInFrontOfThirdPerson, SubmitsToActsByActor, SubmitsToActsByThirdPerson | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [Leg1a] | InProstitution, SexualActs, Leg1aActs | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [Leg3] | OrganToBeRemoved, Unlawfully | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [ExploitedSituation] | PersonalPredicament, FinancialPredicament, ForeignCountryHelplessness | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [PersonUnder21] | PersonAge, AgeLimit21 | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [Para1Basis] | Exploits, ExploitedSituation, PersonUnder21 | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [ExploitativeEmployment] | RecklessPursuitOfProfit, GrosslyDisproportionate, ComparedToSameOccupation, ComparedToComparableOccupation | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [Leg1b] | ThroughEmployment, ExploitativeEmployment | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [Leg1] | IsToBeExploited, Leg1a, Leg1b, WhileBegging, CommittingPunishableActs | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [HeldConditions] | Slavery, Serfdom, DebtBondage, EquivalentConditions, SimilarConditions | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [Leg2] | IsToBeHeldIn, HeldConditions | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [ExploitationPurpose] | Leg1, Leg2, Leg3 | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [TraffickingActs] | Recruits, Transports, PassesOn, Accommodates, TakesIn | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [HumanTrafficking] | TraffickingActs, Para1Basis, ExploitationPurpose | false | Final composite. Re-evaluates on any input change; cannot resolve true while any input is unknown. |
| prohibition (HTR-P0) | [HumanTrafficking] | re-derives | The PrimeRule prohibition holds whenever the composite is true; re-derives on any change. |
Decision tree
PHASE 1: gather inputs (Session)
├─ {Accommodates}
├─ {Actor}
├─ {AgeLimit21}
├─ {CommittingPunishableActs}
├─ {ComparedToComparableOccupation}
├─ {ComparedToSameOccupation}
├─ {DebtBondage}
├─ {EquivalentConditions}
├─ {Exploits}
├─ {FinancialPredicament}
├─ {ForeignCountryHelplessness}
├─ {GrosslyDisproportionate}
├─ {InProstitution}
├─ {IsToBeExploited}
├─ {IsToBeHeldIn}
├─ {OrganToBeRemoved}
├─ {PassesOn}
├─ {PerformsActsInFrontOfActor}
├─ {PerformsActsInFrontOfThirdPerson}
├─ {PerformsActsOnActor}
├─ {PerformsActsOnThirdPerson}
├─ {Person}
├─ {PersonAge}
├─ {PersonalPredicament}
├─ {RecklessPursuitOfProfit}
├─ {Recruits}
├─ {Serfdom}
├─ {SimilarConditions}
├─ {Slavery}
├─ {SubmitsToActsByActor}
├─ {SubmitsToActsByThirdPerson}
├─ {TakesIn}
├─ {ThirdPerson}
├─ {ThroughEmployment}
├─ {Transports}
├─ {Unlawfully}
├─ {WhileBegging}
↓
PHASE 2: evaluate act / intermediate computables
├─ [Leg1aActs] = PerformsActsOnActor is true or PerformsActsInFrontOfActor is true or PerformsActsOnThirdPerson is true or PerformsActsInFrontOfThirdPerson is true or SubmitsToActsByActor is true or SubmitsToActsByThirdPerson is true
├─ [Leg1a] = InProstitution is true or (SexualActs is true and Leg1aActs is true)
├─ [Leg3] = OrganToBeRemoved is true and Unlawfully is true
├─ [ExploitedSituation] = PersonalPredicament is true or FinancialPredicament is true or ForeignCountryHelplessness is true
├─ [PersonUnder21] = PersonAge < AgeLimit21
├─ [Para1Basis] = (Exploits is true and ExploitedSituation is true) or PersonUnder21 is true
├─ [ExploitativeEmployment] = RecklessPursuitOfProfit is true and GrosslyDisproportionate is true and (ComparedToSameOccupation is true or ComparedToComparableOccupation is true)
├─ [Leg1b] = ThroughEmployment is true and ExploitativeEmployment is true
├─ [Leg1] = IsToBeExploited is true and (Leg1a is true or Leg1b is true or WhileBegging is true or CommittingPunishableActs is true)
├─ [HeldConditions] = Slavery is true or Serfdom is true or DebtBondage is true or EquivalentConditions is true or SimilarConditions is true
├─ [Leg2] = IsToBeHeldIn is true and HeldConditions is true
├─ [ExploitationPurpose] = Leg1 is true or Leg2 is true or Leg3 is true
├─ [TraffickingActs] = Recruits is true or Transports is true or PassesOn is true or Accommodates is true or TakesIn is true
├─ [SexualActs] composed by name (the sexual-act term in §184h)
↓
PHASE 3: evaluate the objective conditions
└─ [HumanTrafficking] = TraffickingActs is true and Para1Basis is true and ExploitationPurpose is true
↓
VERDICT (PrimeRule)
├─ [HumanTrafficking] is true → objective conditions realised → conduct PROHIBITED (subject to permissions / exceptions)
└─ [HumanTrafficking] is false → not realised
Recursion / re-entry notes
No runtime re-entry. The operome is a single forward evaluation: inputs → act computable(s) → Tatbestand composite → prohibition verdict. Attempt and preparation, where the section provides for them, are separate operomes, not re-entries.
Circularity check
• [HumanTrafficking] depends on [Leg1aActs], [Leg1a], [Leg3], [ExploitedSituation], [PersonUnder21], [Para1Basis], [ExploitativeEmployment], [Leg1b], [Leg1], [HeldConditions], [Leg2], [ExploitationPurpose], [TraffickingActs] plus composed [SexualActs]; none refer back to [HumanTrafficking]. No definitional cycle.
• Each computable reduces to input Booleans; the graph is a DAG and topologically sortable. Tristate is monotone: any unknown input holds the composite at unknown rather than forcing a verdict.
• Composition by canonical name is acyclic: the composed operome is read once and does not reference this one back.
Questionnaire
| # | Cascade | Variable | Question / prompt | Input |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q1 | Session | {Accommodates} | Element/Datum: {Actor} accommodates {Person}.? | Boolean |
| Q2 | Session | {Actor} | Who or what is the actor? Any natural person, legal person, or non-human system. Canonical home: PrimeRule.? | Reference |
| Q3 | Session | {AgeLimit21} | Element/Datum: twenty-one years.? | Number |
| Q4 | Session | {CommittingPunishableActs} | Element/Datum: in the commission by {Person} of acts punishable by law.? | Boolean |
| Q5 | Session | {ComparedToComparableOccupation} | Element/Datum: employees engaged in a comparable occupation.? | Boolean |
| Q6 | Session | {ComparedToSameOccupation} | Element/Datum: employees engaged in the same occupation.? | Boolean |
| Q7 | Session | {DebtBondage} | Element/Datum: debt bondage.? | Boolean |
| Q8 | Session | {EquivalentConditions} | Element/Datum: conditions equivalent thereto.? | Boolean |
| Q9 | Session | {Exploits} | Element/Datum: {Actor} exploits the situation of {Person}.? | Boolean |
| Q10 | Session | {FinancialPredicament} | Element/Datum: the financial predicament of {Person}.? | Boolean |
| Q11 | Session | {ForeignCountryHelplessness} | Element/Datum: the helplessness of {Person} associated with their stay in a foreign country.? | Boolean |
| Q12 | Session | {GrosslyDisproportionate} | Element/Datum: the working conditions are in gross disproportion to the comparison conditions.? | Boolean |
| Q13 | Session | {InProstitution} | Element/Datum: in the practice of prostitution.? | Boolean |
| Q14 | Session | {IsToBeExploited} | Element/Datum: {Person} is to be exploited.? | Boolean |
| Q15 | Session | {IsToBeHeldIn} | Element/Datum: {Person} is to be held.? | Boolean |
| Q16 | Session | {OrganToBeRemoved} | Element/Datum: an organ is to be removed from {Person}.? | Boolean |
| Q17 | Session | {PassesOn} | Element/Datum: {Actor} passes {Person} on.? | Boolean |
| Q18 | Session | {PerformsActsInFrontOfActor} | Element/Datum: {Person} performs the act in front of {Actor}.? | Boolean |
| Q19 | Session | {PerformsActsInFrontOfThirdPerson} | Element/Datum: {Person} performs the act in front of a {ThirdPerson}.? | Boolean |
| Q20 | Session | {PerformsActsOnActor} | Element/Datum: {Person} performs the act on {Actor}.? | Boolean |
| Q21 | Session | {PerformsActsOnThirdPerson} | Element/Datum: {Person} performs the act on a {ThirdPerson}.? | Boolean |
| Q22 | Session | {Person} | Element/Datum: the trafficked person.? | Party |
| Q23 | Session | {PersonAge} | Element/Datum: the age of {Person} in years.? | Number |
| Q24 | Session | {PersonalPredicament} | Element/Datum: the personal predicament of {Person}.? | Boolean |
| Q25 | Session | {RecklessPursuitOfProfit} | Element/Datum: the employment is driven by a reckless pursuit of profit.? | Boolean |
| Q26 | Session | {Recruits} | Element/Datum: {Actor} recruits {Person}.? | Boolean |
| Q27 | Session | {Serfdom} | Element/Datum: serfdom.? | Boolean |
| Q28 | Session | {SimilarConditions} | Element/Datum: conditions similar thereto.? | Boolean |
| Q29 | Session | {Slavery} | Element/Datum: slavery.? | Boolean |
| Q30 | Session | {SubmitsToActsByActor} | Element/Datum: {Person} submits to the act performed on {Person} by {Actor}.? | Boolean |
| Q31 | Session | {SubmitsToActsByThirdPerson} | Element/Datum: {Person} submits to the act performed on {Person} by a {ThirdPerson}.? | Boolean |
| Q32 | Session | {TakesIn} | Element/Datum: {Actor} takes {Person} in.? | Boolean |
| Q33 | Session | {ThirdPerson} | Element/Datum: a third person.? | Party |
| Q34 | Session | {ThroughEmployment} | Element/Datum: through employment.? | Boolean |
| Q35 | Session | {Transports} | Element/Datum: {Actor} transports {Person}.? | Boolean |
| Q36 | Session | {Unlawfully} | Element/Datum: unlawfully.? | Boolean |
| Q37 | Session | {WhileBegging} | Element/Datum: in the practice of begging.? | Boolean |
Flags
Scope Paragraph 1 only, with both limbs and all three exploitation-purpose legs, plus sentence 2 (the exploitative-employment definition), encoded live. Struck whole per the marked-up source: paragraph 2 (the means and abduction variant with the exploitation intention), paragraph 3 (both aggravation sentences) and paragraph 4 (attempt).
Translation note The draft English layer renders limb 1 as a bare “exploits another person's distress”, severing it from the trafficking verbs. In the German, the five verbs (anwirbt, befördert, weitergibt, beherbergt, aufnimmt) stand once at the end and govern both limbs by elision: limb 1 is the five acts done while exploiting the person's personal or financial predicament or foreign-country helplessness; limb 2 is the five acts done in respect of a person under twenty-one, with no means element. The source column expands the elision so both limbs carry the verbs; the markup renders the verbs in each limb bound to the same five variables (one variable per Merkmal).
Prospective purpose legs retained (deliberate) The “werden soll” structure (“is to be exploited”, “is to be held”, “is to have an organ removed”) is a prospective element of the objective Tatbestand and is live in the markup, consistent with the Operomise tag and the §176b precedent on retained intent legs. {IsToBeExploited} and {IsToBeHeldIn} are prospective gates spanning their purpose objects; whether the prospect existed in fact is evaluative and escalates.
Exploitative-employment definition authored here Sentence 2 authors [ExploitativeEmployment] = {RecklessPursuitOfProfit} and {GrosslyDisproportionate} and ({ComparedToSameOccupation} or {ComparedToComparableOccupation}); leg 1(b) consumes it ([Leg1b] = {ThroughEmployment} and [ExploitativeEmployment]). §232a, §232b and §233 reference this section's exploitation concepts and will resolve against this scope by name.
Sexual-act modalities decomposed Leg 1(a)'s coordinated prepositions and parties decompose into six modality variables (performance on or in front of {Actor} or a {ThirdPerson}; submission to acts by {Actor} or a {ThirdPerson}), disjoined in [Leg1aActs], per the §176b modality precedent; the prostitution alternative stands beside them in [Leg1a].
Sexual act [SexualActs] (§184h, by name) for the leg 1(a) occurrences.
Strikes The penalty in (1) and the whole of (2), (3) and (4) struck in the markup only; the source column is clean.
Treatment §232 is Operomise-tagged.
Source (English, unofficial)
Operome markup - original text encoded
(1) A person who, exploiting another person’s personal or financial predicament or their helplessness associated with their stay in a foreign country, induces that person, or who induces another person under the age of twenty-one, 1. to take up or continue prostitution, or 2. to perform sexual acts, through which they are exploited, on or in front of the offender or a third person, or to allow the offender or a third person to perform such acts on them, shall be punished with imprisonment for a term of six months to ten years. (2) An attempt to commit this offence is punishable. (3) A person who, by means of violence, the threat of serious harm or deceit, induces another person to take up or continue prostitution or to perform the sexual acts referred to in paragraph 1, point 2, shall be liable to imprisonment for a term of between one and ten years. (4) In the cases referred to in paragraph 1, a term of imprisonment of between one and ten years shall be imposed, and in the cases referred to in paragraph 3, a term of imprisonment of not less than one year shall be imposed, if any of the circumstances referred to in Section 232(3), first sentence, points 1 to 3, are present. (5) In less serious cases under paragraph 1, a term of imprisonment of between three months and five years shall be imposed; in less serious cases under paragraphs 3 and 4, a term of imprisonment of between six months and ten years shall be imposed. (6) A person who, in respect of a person who has become the victim 1. of human trafficking under Section 232(1), first sentence, point 1(a), including in conjunction with Section 232(2), or 2. of an offence under paragraphs 1 to 5, and who is engaged in prostitution, performs sexual acts on that person for remuneration or has that person perform such acts on the offender, thereby exploiting that person’s personal or financial predicament or their helplessness associated with their stay in a foreign country, shall be punished with imprisonment for a term of three months to five years. If, during the sexual act, the offender is at least recklessly unaware of the circumstances referred to in the first sentence, number 1 or 2, or of the victim’s personal or financial predicament or helplessness, the penalty shall be imprisonment for up to three years or a fine. No penalty shall be imposed under the first and second sentences on a person who, in respect of an act under the first sentence, point 1 or 2, committed to the detriment of a person engaged in prostitution under the first sentence, voluntarily reports such an offence to the competent authority or voluntarily causes such a report to be made, unless the offence had already been discovered in whole or in part at that time and the offender knew this or, on reasonable assessment of the circumstances, should have foreseen it.
«if ForcedProstitution is true»(1) Shall be punished with imprisonment for a term of six months to ten years {Actor} who, «if {Exploits} is true»exploiting the «if {PersonalPredicament} is true»personal «end if» «if {FinancialPredicament} is true»or financial «end if» predicament of {Person} «if {ForeignCountryHelplessness} is true»or their helplessness associated with their stay in a foreign country «end if» «end if», «if {Induces} is true»induces {Person} «end if», or who «if {Induces} is true»induces «end if» {Person} «if [PersonUnder21] is true»under the age of {AgeLimit21} «end if», 1. «if {TakesUpProstitution} is true»to take up «end if» «if {ContinuesProstitution} is true»or continue «end if» prostitution, or 2. to perform [SexualActs], «if {ExploitedThroughActs} is true»through which {Person} is exploited «end if», «if {PerformsOnActor} is true»on {Actor} «end if» «if {PerformsInFrontOfActor} is true»or in front of {Actor} «end if» «if {PerformsOnThirdPerson} is true»or on a {ThirdPerson} «end if» «if {PerformsInFrontOfThirdPerson} is true»or in front of a {ThirdPerson} «end if», «if {AllowsActorToPerform} is true»or to allow {Actor} to perform such acts on {Person} «end if» «if {AllowsThirdPersonToPerform} is true»or to allow a {ThirdPerson} to perform such acts on {Person} «end if». (2) An attempt to commit this offence is punishable. (3) Shall be liable to imprisonment for a term of between one and ten years {Actor} who, by means of «if {Violence} is true»violence «end if» «if {ThreatOfSeriousHarm} is true», the threat of serious harm «end if» «if {Deceit} is true»or deceit «end if», «if {Induces} is true»induces {Person} «end if» to «if [Leg1] is true»take up or continue prostitution «end if» or to perform «if [Leg2] is true»the sexual acts referred to in paragraph 1, point 2 «end if». (4) In the cases referred to in paragraph 1, a term of imprisonment of between one and ten years shall be imposed, and in the cases referred to in paragraph 3, a term of imprisonment of not less than one year shall be imposed, if any of the circumstances referred to in Section 232(3), first sentence, points 1 to 3, are present. (5) In less serious cases under paragraph 1, a term of imprisonment of between three months and five years shall be imposed; in less serious cases under paragraphs 3 and 4, a term of imprisonment of between six months and ten years shall be imposed. (6) Shall be punished with imprisonment for a term of three months to five years {Actor} who, in respect of {Person} who has become the victim 1. «if {VictimOfTrafficking} is true»of human trafficking under Section 232(1), first sentence, point 1(a), including in conjunction with Section 232(2) «end if», or 2. «if {VictimOfOffenceUnderThisSection} is true»of an offence under paragraphs 1 to 5 «end if», and who «if {EngagesInProstitution} is true»is engaged in prostitution «end if», «if {PerformsOnVictim} is true»performs [SexualActs] on {Person} «end if» {ForRemuneration} for remuneration «if {HasVictimPerformOnActor} is true»or has {Person} perform such acts on {Actor} «end if», thereby «if {Exploits} is true»exploiting the «if {PersonalPredicament} is true»personal «end if» «if {FinancialPredicament} is true»or financial «end if» predicament of {Person} «if {ForeignCountryHelplessness} is true»or their helplessness associated with their stay in a foreign country «end if» «end if». If, during the sexual act, the offender {AtLeastRecklessUnawareness} at least reckless unawareness of of the circumstances referred to in the first sentence, number 1 or 2, or of the victim's personal or financial predicament or helplessness, the penalty shall be imprisonment for up to three years or a fine. No penalty shall be imposed under the first and second sentences on a person who, in respect of an act under the first sentence, point 1 or 2, committed to the detriment of a person engaged in prostitution under the first sentence, voluntarily reports such an offence to the competent authority or voluntarily causes such a report to be made, unless the offence had already been discovered in whole or in part at that time and the offender knew this or, on reasonable assessment of the circumstances, should have foreseen it.«end if»
Annexes
Computables
[VictimStatus] = VictimOfTrafficking is true or VictimOfOffenceUnderThisSection is true
[Para6Conduct] = PerformsOnVictim is true or HasVictimPerformOnActor is true
[ExploitedSituation] = PersonalPredicament is true or FinancialPredicament is true or ForeignCountryHelplessness is true
[Para6] = VictimStatus is true and EngagesInProstitution is true and ForRemuneration is true and Para6Conduct is true and Exploits is true and ExploitedSituation is true
[Leg2Acts] = PerformsOnActor is true or PerformsInFrontOfActor is true or PerformsOnThirdPerson is true or PerformsInFrontOfThirdPerson is true or AllowsActorToPerform is true or AllowsThirdPersonToPerform is true
[PersonUnder21] = PersonAge < AgeLimit21
[Para1Basis] = (Exploits is true and ExploitedSituation is true) or PersonUnder21 is true
[Leg1] = TakesUpProstitution is true or ContinuesProstitution is true
[Leg2] = SexualActs is true and ExploitedThroughActs is true and Leg2Acts is true
[Para1] = Para1Basis is true and Induces is true and (Leg1 is true or Leg2 is true)
[Para3Means] = Violence is true or ThreatOfSeriousHarm is true or Deceit is true
[Para3] = Para3Means is true and Induces is true and (Leg1 is true or Leg2 is true)
[ForcedProstitution] = Para1 is true or Para3 is true or Para6 is true
[SexualActs] — referenced by canonical name; defined in the sexual-act term in §184h. Not expanded here (cross-operome composition by name).
Business rules
| id | kind | actor | verb / predicate | body |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FPR-R01 | act | Actor | Exploits is true | |
| FPR-R02 | condition | None | PersonalPredicament is true | |
| FPR-R03 | condition | None | FinancialPredicament is true | |
| FPR-R04 | condition | None | ForeignCountryHelplessness is true | |
| FPR-R05 | act | Actor | Induces is true | |
| FPR-R06 | condition | None | TakesUpProstitution is true | |
| FPR-R07 | condition | None | ContinuesProstitution is true | |
| FPR-R08 | condition | None | ExploitedThroughActs is true | |
| FPR-R09 | condition | None | PerformsOnActor is true | |
| FPR-R10 | condition | None | PerformsInFrontOfActor is true | |
| FPR-R11 | condition | None | PerformsOnThirdPerson is true | |
| FPR-R12 | condition | None | PerformsInFrontOfThirdPerson is true | |
| FPR-R13 | condition | None | AllowsActorToPerform is true | |
| FPR-R14 | condition | None | AllowsThirdPersonToPerform is true | |
| FPR-R15 | condition | None | Violence is true | |
| FPR-R16 | condition | None | ThreatOfSeriousHarm is true | |
| FPR-R17 | condition | None | Deceit is true | |
| FPR-R18 | condition | None | VictimOfTrafficking is true | |
| FPR-R19 | condition | None | VictimOfOffenceUnderThisSection is true | |
| FPR-R20 | condition | None | EngagesInProstitution is true | |
| FPR-R21 | condition | None | ForRemuneration is true | |
| FPR-R22 | act | Actor | PerformsOnVictim is true | |
| FPR-R23 | act | Actor | HasVictimPerformOnActor is true | |
| FPR-R80 | act | Actor | retained per markup edit; not wired into the composite; sentencing consequence struck | AtLeastRecklessUnawareness is true |
| FPR-R90 | condition | None | the person is under the age of twenty-one | PersonUnder21 is true |
| FPR-R91 | condition | None | the act is a sexual act within section 184h | SexualActs is true |
| FPR-P0 | prohibition | Actor | not realise | not ForcedProstitution |
Tatbestand dissected to the Merkmal
| Source phrase | Doctrinal role | Primitive | Rule | Requires |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A person who | Tätersubjekt | {Actor} | — | in scope |
| {Actor} exploits the situation of {Person} | Merkmal | {Exploits} | FPR-R01 | is true |
| the personal predicament of {Person} | Merkmal | {PersonalPredicament} | FPR-R02 | is true |
| the financial predicament of {Person} | Merkmal | {FinancialPredicament} | FPR-R03 | is true |
| the helplessness of {Person} associated with their stay in a foreign country | Merkmal | {ForeignCountryHelplessness} | FPR-R04 | is true |
| {Actor} induces {Person} | Merkmal | {Induces} | FPR-R05 | is true |
| {Person} is to take up prostitution | Merkmal | {TakesUpProstitution} | FPR-R06 | is true |
| {Person} is to continue prostitution | Merkmal | {ContinuesProstitution} | FPR-R07 | is true |
| {Person} is exploited through the acts | Merkmal | {ExploitedThroughActs} | FPR-R08 | is true |
| {Person} performs the act on {Actor} | Merkmal | {PerformsOnActor} | FPR-R09 | is true |
| {Person} performs the act in front of {Actor} | Merkmal | {PerformsInFrontOfActor} | FPR-R10 | is true |
| {Person} performs the act on a {ThirdPerson} | Merkmal | {PerformsOnThirdPerson} | FPR-R11 | is true |
| {Person} performs the act in front of a {ThirdPerson} | Merkmal | {PerformsInFrontOfThirdPerson} | FPR-R12 | is true |
| {Person} allows {Actor} to perform the act on {Person} | Merkmal | {AllowsActorToPerform} | FPR-R13 | is true |
| {Person} allows a {ThirdPerson} to perform the act on {Person} | Merkmal | {AllowsThirdPersonToPerform} | FPR-R14 | is true |
| violence | Merkmal | {Violence} | FPR-R15 | is true |
| the threat of serious harm | Merkmal | {ThreatOfSeriousHarm} | FPR-R16 | is true |
| deceit | Merkmal | {Deceit} | FPR-R17 | is true |
| {Person} is the victim of human trafficking under Section 232(1) sentence 1 point 1(a) | Merkmal | {VictimOfTrafficking} | FPR-R18 | is true |
| {Person} is the victim of an offence under paragraphs 1 to 5 of this section | Merkmal | {VictimOfOffenceUnderThisSection} | FPR-R19 | is true |
| {Person} is engaged in prostitution | Merkmal | {EngagesInProstitution} | FPR-R20 | is true |
| for remuneration | Merkmal | {ForRemuneration} | FPR-R21 | is true |
| {Actor} performs the act on {Person} | Merkmal | {PerformsOnVictim} | FPR-R22 | is true |
| {Actor} has {Person} perform the act on {Actor} | Merkmal | {HasVictimPerformOnActor} | FPR-R23 | is true |
| at least reckless unawareness of the circumstances | Merkmal | {AtLeastRecklessUnawareness} | FPR-R80 | is true |
| (2) attempt; (4) aggravations; (5) lesser cases; (6) s.3 voluntary-report exemption | attempt / grading / personal exemption | — excluded — | — | struck |
Variables appendix
| Variable | Input | Values | Cascade | Surface form (source words) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| {Actor} | Reference | – | Session | any person (the actor) |
| {AgeLimit21} | Number | – | Session | twenty-one years |
| {AllowsActorToPerform} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Person} allows {Actor} to perform the act on {Person} |
| {AllowsThirdPersonToPerform} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Person} allows a {ThirdPerson} to perform the act on {Person} |
| {AtLeastRecklessUnawareness} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | at least reckless unawareness of the circumstances |
| {ContinuesProstitution} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Person} is to continue prostitution |
| {Deceit} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | deceit |
| {EngagesInProstitution} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Person} is engaged in prostitution |
| {ExploitedThroughActs} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Person} is exploited through the acts |
| {Exploits} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Actor} exploits the situation of {Person} |
| {FinancialPredicament} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | the financial predicament of {Person} |
| {ForRemuneration} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | for remuneration |
| {ForeignCountryHelplessness} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | the helplessness of {Person} associated with their stay in a foreign country |
| {HasVictimPerformOnActor} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Actor} has {Person} perform the act on {Actor} |
| {Induces} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Actor} induces {Person} |
| {PerformsInFrontOfActor} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Person} performs the act in front of {Actor} |
| {PerformsInFrontOfThirdPerson} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Person} performs the act in front of a {ThirdPerson} |
| {PerformsOnActor} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Person} performs the act on {Actor} |
| {PerformsOnThirdPerson} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Person} performs the act on a {ThirdPerson} |
| {PerformsOnVictim} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Actor} performs the act on {Person} |
| {Person} | Party | – | Session | the induced person (the victim) |
| {PersonAge} | Number | – | Session | the age of {Person} in years |
| {PersonalPredicament} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | the personal predicament of {Person} |
| {TakesUpProstitution} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Person} is to take up prostitution |
| {ThirdPerson} | Party | – | Session | a third person |
| {ThreatOfSeriousHarm} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | the threat of serious harm |
| {VictimOfOffenceUnderThisSection} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Person} is the victim of an offence under paragraphs 1 to 5 of this section |
| {VictimOfTrafficking} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Person} is the victim of human trafficking under Section 232(1) sentence 1 point 1(a) |
| {Violence} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | violence |
Reconstruction from the substrate
Committed by any person (the actor) who: ((({Actor} exploits the situation of {Person} and (the personal predicament of {Person} or the financial predicament of {Person} or the helplessness of {Person} associated with their stay in a foreign country)) or (PersonAge < AgeLimit21)) and {Actor} induces {Person} and (({Person} is to take up prostitution or {Person} is to continue prostitution) or (the act is a sexual act within the meaning of §184h and {Person} is exploited through the acts and ({Person} performs the act on {Actor} or {Person} performs the act in front of {Actor} or {Person} performs the act on a {ThirdPerson} or {Person} performs the act in front of a {ThirdPerson} or {Person} allows {Actor} to perform the act on {Person} or {Person} allows a {ThirdPerson} to perform the act on {Person})))) or ((violence or the threat of serious harm or deceit) and {Actor} induces {Person} and (({Person} is to take up prostitution or {Person} is to continue prostitution) or (the act is a sexual act within the meaning of §184h and {Person} is exploited through the acts and ({Person} performs the act on {Actor} or {Person} performs the act in front of {Actor} or {Person} performs the act on a {ThirdPerson} or {Person} performs the act in front of a {ThirdPerson} or {Person} allows {Actor} to perform the act on {Person} or {Person} allows a {ThirdPerson} to perform the act on {Person})))) or (({Person} is the victim of human trafficking under Section 232(1) sentence 1 point 1(a) or {Person} is the victim of an offence under paragraphs 1 to 5 of this section) and {Person} is engaged in prostitution and for remuneration and ({Actor} performs the act on {Person} or {Actor} has {Person} perform the act on {Actor}) and {Actor} exploits the situation of {Person} and (the personal predicament of {Person} or the financial predicament of {Person} or the helplessness of {Person} associated with their stay in a foreign country)).
Assembled only from the variable surface forms (including the actor) and the computable structure carried in the XSD, not from the source column. It should read as the offence. This is the recoverability test: the law is reverse-derivable from the substrate.
Dependent assessments (reactive invalidation)
| Assessment | Depends on | Invalidation | Trigger effect |
|---|---|---|---|
| [VictimStatus] | VictimOfTrafficking, VictimOfOffenceUnderThisSection | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [Para6Conduct] | PerformsOnVictim, HasVictimPerformOnActor | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [ExploitedSituation] | PersonalPredicament, FinancialPredicament, ForeignCountryHelplessness | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [Para6] | VictimStatus, EngagesInProstitution, ForRemuneration, Para6Conduct, Exploits, ExploitedSituation | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [Leg2Acts] | PerformsOnActor, PerformsInFrontOfActor, PerformsOnThirdPerson, PerformsInFrontOfThirdPerson, AllowsActorToPerform, AllowsThirdPersonToPerform | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [PersonUnder21] | PersonAge, AgeLimit21 | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [Para1Basis] | Exploits, ExploitedSituation, PersonUnder21 | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [Leg1] | TakesUpProstitution, ContinuesProstitution | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [Leg2] | SexualActs, ExploitedThroughActs, Leg2Acts | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [Para1] | Para1Basis, Induces, Leg1, Leg2 | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [Para3Means] | Violence, ThreatOfSeriousHarm, Deceit | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [Para3] | Para3Means, Induces, Leg1, Leg2 | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [ForcedProstitution] | Para1, Para3, Para6 | false | Final composite. Re-evaluates on any input change; cannot resolve true while any input is unknown. |
| prohibition (FPR-P0) | [ForcedProstitution] | re-derives | The PrimeRule prohibition holds whenever the composite is true; re-derives on any change. |
Decision tree
PHASE 1: gather inputs (Session)
├─ {Actor}
├─ {AgeLimit21}
├─ {AllowsActorToPerform}
├─ {AllowsThirdPersonToPerform}
├─ {AtLeastRecklessUnawareness}
├─ {ContinuesProstitution}
├─ {Deceit}
├─ {EngagesInProstitution}
├─ {ExploitedThroughActs}
├─ {Exploits}
├─ {FinancialPredicament}
├─ {ForRemuneration}
├─ {ForeignCountryHelplessness}
├─ {HasVictimPerformOnActor}
├─ {Induces}
├─ {PerformsInFrontOfActor}
├─ {PerformsInFrontOfThirdPerson}
├─ {PerformsOnActor}
├─ {PerformsOnThirdPerson}
├─ {PerformsOnVictim}
├─ {Person}
├─ {PersonAge}
├─ {PersonalPredicament}
├─ {TakesUpProstitution}
├─ {ThirdPerson}
├─ {ThreatOfSeriousHarm}
├─ {VictimOfOffenceUnderThisSection}
├─ {VictimOfTrafficking}
├─ {Violence}
↓
PHASE 2: evaluate act / intermediate computables
├─ [VictimStatus] = VictimOfTrafficking is true or VictimOfOffenceUnderThisSection is true
├─ [Para6Conduct] = PerformsOnVictim is true or HasVictimPerformOnActor is true
├─ [ExploitedSituation] = PersonalPredicament is true or FinancialPredicament is true or ForeignCountryHelplessness is true
├─ [Para6] = VictimStatus is true and EngagesInProstitution is true and ForRemuneration is true and Para6Conduct is true and Exploits is true and ExploitedSituation is true
├─ [Leg2Acts] = PerformsOnActor is true or PerformsInFrontOfActor is true or PerformsOnThirdPerson is true or PerformsInFrontOfThirdPerson is true or AllowsActorToPerform is true or AllowsThirdPersonToPerform is true
├─ [PersonUnder21] = PersonAge < AgeLimit21
├─ [Para1Basis] = (Exploits is true and ExploitedSituation is true) or PersonUnder21 is true
├─ [Leg1] = TakesUpProstitution is true or ContinuesProstitution is true
├─ [Leg2] = SexualActs is true and ExploitedThroughActs is true and Leg2Acts is true
├─ [Para1] = Para1Basis is true and Induces is true and (Leg1 is true or Leg2 is true)
├─ [Para3Means] = Violence is true or ThreatOfSeriousHarm is true or Deceit is true
├─ [Para3] = Para3Means is true and Induces is true and (Leg1 is true or Leg2 is true)
├─ [SexualActs] composed by name (the sexual-act term in §184h)
↓
PHASE 3: evaluate the objective conditions
└─ [ForcedProstitution] = Para1 is true or Para3 is true or Para6 is true
↓
VERDICT (PrimeRule)
├─ [ForcedProstitution] is true → objective conditions realised → conduct PROHIBITED (subject to permissions / exceptions)
└─ [ForcedProstitution] is false → not realised
Recursion / re-entry notes
No runtime re-entry. The operome is a single forward evaluation: inputs → act computable(s) → Tatbestand composite → prohibition verdict. Attempt and preparation, where the section provides for them, are separate operomes, not re-entries.
Circularity check
• [ForcedProstitution] depends on [VictimStatus], [Para6Conduct], [ExploitedSituation], [Para6], [Leg2Acts], [PersonUnder21], [Para1Basis], [Leg1], [Leg2], [Para1], [Para3Means], [Para3] plus composed [SexualActs]; none refer back to [ForcedProstitution]. No definitional cycle.
• Each computable reduces to input Booleans; the graph is a DAG and topologically sortable. Tristate is monotone: any unknown input holds the composite at unknown rather than forcing a verdict.
• Composition by canonical name is acyclic: the composed operome is read once and does not reference this one back.
Questionnaire
| # | Cascade | Variable | Question / prompt | Input |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q1 | Session | {Actor} | Who or what is the actor? Any natural person, legal person, or non-human system. Canonical home: PrimeRule.? | Reference |
| Q2 | Session | {AgeLimit21} | Element/Datum: twenty-one years.? | Number |
| Q3 | Session | {AllowsActorToPerform} | Element/Datum: {Person} allows {Actor} to perform the act on {Person}.? | Boolean |
| Q4 | Session | {AllowsThirdPersonToPerform} | Element/Datum: {Person} allows a {ThirdPerson} to perform the act on {Person}.? | Boolean |
| Q5 | Session | {AtLeastRecklessUnawareness} | Element/Datum: at least reckless unawareness of the circumstances.? | Boolean |
| Q6 | Session | {ContinuesProstitution} | Element/Datum: {Person} is to continue prostitution.? | Boolean |
| Q7 | Session | {Deceit} | Element/Datum: deceit.? | Boolean |
| Q8 | Session | {EngagesInProstitution} | Element/Datum: {Person} is engaged in prostitution.? | Boolean |
| Q9 | Session | {ExploitedThroughActs} | Element/Datum: {Person} is exploited through the acts.? | Boolean |
| Q10 | Session | {Exploits} | Element/Datum: {Actor} exploits the situation of {Person}.? | Boolean |
| Q11 | Session | {FinancialPredicament} | Element/Datum: the financial predicament of {Person}.? | Boolean |
| Q12 | Session | {ForRemuneration} | Element/Datum: for remuneration.? | Boolean |
| Q13 | Session | {ForeignCountryHelplessness} | Element/Datum: the helplessness of {Person} associated with their stay in a foreign country.? | Boolean |
| Q14 | Session | {HasVictimPerformOnActor} | Element/Datum: {Actor} has {Person} perform the act on {Actor}.? | Boolean |
| Q15 | Session | {Induces} | Element/Datum: {Actor} induces {Person}.? | Boolean |
| Q16 | Session | {PerformsInFrontOfActor} | Element/Datum: {Person} performs the act in front of {Actor}.? | Boolean |
| Q17 | Session | {PerformsInFrontOfThirdPerson} | Element/Datum: {Person} performs the act in front of a {ThirdPerson}.? | Boolean |
| Q18 | Session | {PerformsOnActor} | Element/Datum: {Person} performs the act on {Actor}.? | Boolean |
| Q19 | Session | {PerformsOnThirdPerson} | Element/Datum: {Person} performs the act on a {ThirdPerson}.? | Boolean |
| Q20 | Session | {PerformsOnVictim} | Element/Datum: {Actor} performs the act on {Person}.? | Boolean |
| Q21 | Session | {Person} | Element/Datum: the induced person (the victim).? | Party |
| Q22 | Session | {PersonAge} | Element/Datum: the age of {Person} in years.? | Number |
| Q23 | Session | {PersonalPredicament} | Element/Datum: the personal predicament of {Person}.? | Boolean |
| Q24 | Session | {TakesUpProstitution} | Element/Datum: {Person} is to take up prostitution.? | Boolean |
| Q25 | Session | {ThirdPerson} | Element/Datum: a third person.? | Party |
| Q26 | Session | {ThreatOfSeriousHarm} | Element/Datum: the threat of serious harm.? | Boolean |
| Q27 | Session | {VictimOfOffenceUnderThisSection} | Element/Datum: {Person} is the victim of an offence under paragraphs 1 to 5 of this section.? | Boolean |
| Q28 | Session | {VictimOfTrafficking} | Element/Datum: {Person} is the victim of human trafficking under Section 232(1) sentence 1 point 1(a).? | Boolean |
| Q29 | Session | {Violence} | Element/Datum: violence.? | Boolean |
Flags
Scope Paragraph 1 (both limbs, the prostitution leg and the exploited-acts leg), paragraph 3 (the means variant) and paragraph 6 sentence 1 (the remunerated-acts-on-a-victim offence) encoded live. Struck per the marked-up source: (2) attempt, (4) the §232(3) aggravation cross-reference, (5) lesser cases, and (6) sentence 3 (the voluntary-report personal exemption).
Translation note Two readings against the German. First, as in §232, the draft English layer severs limb 1 from the governing verb: “veranlasst” (induces) stands once and governs both limbs by elision; the source column expands the elision. Second, in (6) sentence 1, “von ihr an sich vornehmen lässt” is the §177-family modality (the actor has the victim perform the acts on the actor), which the draft English layer inverts as “allows such acts to be performed on them”; bound to {HasVictimPerformOnActor}.
Edited remnant in (6) sentence 2 (deliberate) The markup does not strike (6) sentence 2 whole: the markup strikes the surrounding sentence but retains “zumindest leichtfertige Unkenntnis ... der Umstände” (at least reckless unawareness of the circumstances). Encoded as {AtLeastRecklessUnawareness} in a recorded rule (FPR-R80) outside the composite: it is a mental element, its statutory consequence is a mitigated range (sentencing, does not compile), and its intended wiring is not determinable from the markup alone. It remains a recorded element outside the composite.
Means variant live here, struck in §232 Paragraph 3's means triad (violence, threat of serious harm, deceit) is live here although the structurally similar §232(2) was struck in §232; both follow the markup exactly and the asymmetry is recorded as deliberate.
Cross-references resolve by name {VictimOfTrafficking} resolves against the §232 scope by name; the embedded reference to §232(2) points at text struck in the §232 operome and is carried in the reference's words only. {VictimOfOffenceUnderThisSection} references paragraphs 1 to 5 of this section, of which only (1) and (3) are encoded; victim status under the struck paragraphs resolves as an input.
Sexual act [SexualActs] (§184h, by name) for every occurrence.
Treatment §232a is Operomise-tagged; the prospective and exploitation elements are encoded as written and their existence in fact escalates at the margin.
Source (English, unofficial)
Operome markup - original text encoded
(1) A person who, exploiting another person’s personal or financial predicament or their helplessness associated with their stay in a foreign country, induces that person, or who induces another person under the age of twenty-one, 1. to take up or continue exploitative employment (Section 232(1), second sentence), 2. to place themselves in slavery, serfdom, debt bondage or in circumstances corresponding or similar thereto, or 3. to take up or continue begging in which they are exploited, shall be punished with imprisonment for a term of six months to ten years. (2) An attempt to commit such an offence is punishable. (3) A person who, by means of violence, the threat of serious harm or deceit, induces another person to 1. take up or continue exploitative employment (Section 232(1), second sentence), 2. place themselves in slavery, serfdom, debt bondage or in circumstances corresponding or similar thereto, or 3. take up or continue begging in which they are exploited, shall be punished with imprisonment for a term of one year to ten years. (4) Section 232a(4) and (5) shall apply mutatis mutandis.
«if ForcedLabour is true»(1) Shall be punished with imprisonment for a term of six months to ten years {Actor} who, «if {Exploits} is true»exploiting the «if {PersonalPredicament} is true»personal «end if» «if {FinancialPredicament} is true»or financial «end if» predicament of {Person} «if {ForeignCountryHelplessness} is true»or their helplessness associated with their stay in a foreign country «end if» «end if», «if {Induces} is true»induces {Person} «end if», or who «if {Induces} is true»induces «end if» {Person} «if [PersonUnder21] is true»under the age of {AgeLimit21} «end if», 1. «if {TakesUpEmployment} is true»to take up «end if» «if {ContinuesEmployment} is true»or continue «end if» «if {ExploitativeEmployment} is true»exploitative employment (Section 232(1), second sentence) «end if», 2. «if {PlacesSelfIn} is true»to place themselves in «if {Slavery} is true»slavery «end if» «if {Serfdom} is true», serfdom «end if» «if {DebtBondage} is true», debt bondage «end if» or in circumstances «if {EquivalentConditions} is true»corresponding «end if» «if {SimilarConditions} is true»or similar «end if» thereto «end if», or 3. «if {TakesUpBegging} is true»to take up «end if» «if {ContinuesBegging} is true»or continue «end if» begging «if {ExploitedInBegging} is true»in which {Person} is exploited «end if». (2) An attempt to commit such an offence is punishable. (3) A person who, by means of violence, the threat of serious harm or deceit, induces another person to 1. take up or continue exploitative employment (Section 232(1), second sentence), 2. place themselves in slavery, serfdom, debt bondage or in circumstances corresponding or similar thereto, or 3. take up or continue begging in which they are exploited, shall be punished with imprisonment for a term of one year to ten years. (4) Section 232a(4) and (5) shall apply mutatis mutandis.«end if»
Annexes
Computables
[HeldConditions] = Slavery is true or Serfdom is true or DebtBondage is true or EquivalentConditions is true or SimilarConditions is true
[Leg1] = ExploitativeEmployment is true and (TakesUpEmployment is true or ContinuesEmployment is true)
[PersonUnder21] = PersonAge < AgeLimit21
[Leg3] = ExploitedInBegging is true and (TakesUpBegging is true or ContinuesBegging is true)
[ExploitedSituation] = PersonalPredicament is true or FinancialPredicament is true or ForeignCountryHelplessness is true
[Para1Basis] = (Exploits is true and ExploitedSituation is true) or PersonUnder21 is true
[Leg2] = PlacesSelfIn is true and HeldConditions is true
[ForcedLabour] = Para1Basis is true and Induces is true and (Leg1 is true or Leg2 is true or Leg3 is true)
Business rules
| id | kind | actor | verb / predicate | body |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FLB-R01 | act | Actor | Exploits is true | |
| FLB-R02 | condition | None | PersonalPredicament is true | |
| FLB-R03 | condition | None | FinancialPredicament is true | |
| FLB-R04 | condition | None | ForeignCountryHelplessness is true | |
| FLB-R05 | act | Actor | Induces is true | |
| FLB-R06 | condition | None | ExploitativeEmployment is true | |
| FLB-R07 | condition | None | TakesUpEmployment is true | |
| FLB-R08 | condition | None | ContinuesEmployment is true | |
| FLB-R09 | condition | None | PlacesSelfIn is true | |
| FLB-R10 | condition | None | Slavery is true | |
| FLB-R11 | condition | None | Serfdom is true | |
| FLB-R12 | condition | None | DebtBondage is true | |
| FLB-R13 | condition | None | EquivalentConditions is true | |
| FLB-R14 | condition | None | SimilarConditions is true | |
| FLB-R15 | condition | None | TakesUpBegging is true | |
| FLB-R16 | condition | None | ContinuesBegging is true | |
| FLB-R17 | condition | None | ExploitedInBegging is true | |
| FLB-R90 | condition | None | the person is under the age of twenty-one | PersonUnder21 is true |
| FLB-P0 | prohibition | Actor | not realise | not ForcedLabour |
Tatbestand dissected to the Merkmal
| Source phrase | Doctrinal role | Primitive | Rule | Requires |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A person who | Tätersubjekt | {Actor} | — | in scope |
| {Actor} exploits the situation of {Person} | Merkmal | {Exploits} | FLB-R01 | is true |
| the personal predicament of {Person} | Merkmal | {PersonalPredicament} | FLB-R02 | is true |
| the financial predicament of {Person} | Merkmal | {FinancialPredicament} | FLB-R03 | is true |
| the helplessness of {Person} associated with their stay in a foreign country | Merkmal | {ForeignCountryHelplessness} | FLB-R04 | is true |
| {Actor} induces {Person} | Merkmal | {Induces} | FLB-R05 | is true |
| the employment is exploitative employment within the meaning of Section 232(1) sentence 2 | Merkmal | {ExploitativeEmployment} | FLB-R06 | is true |
| {Person} is to take up the employment | Merkmal | {TakesUpEmployment} | FLB-R07 | is true |
| {Person} is to continue the employment | Merkmal | {ContinuesEmployment} | FLB-R08 | is true |
| {Person} is to place themselves in the circumstances | Merkmal | {PlacesSelfIn} | FLB-R09 | is true |
| slavery | Merkmal | {Slavery} | FLB-R10 | is true |
| serfdom | Merkmal | {Serfdom} | FLB-R11 | is true |
| debt bondage | Merkmal | {DebtBondage} | FLB-R12 | is true |
| circumstances corresponding thereto | Merkmal | {EquivalentConditions} | FLB-R13 | is true |
| circumstances similar thereto | Merkmal | {SimilarConditions} | FLB-R14 | is true |
| {Person} is to take up the begging | Merkmal | {TakesUpBegging} | FLB-R15 | is true |
| {Person} is to continue the begging | Merkmal | {ContinuesBegging} | FLB-R16 | is true |
| {Person} is exploited in the begging | Merkmal | {ExploitedInBegging} | FLB-R17 | is true |
| (2) attempt; (3) means variant; (4) mutatis aggravations and lesser cases | attempt / variant / grading | — excluded — | — | struck |
Variables appendix
| Variable | Input | Values | Cascade | Surface form (source words) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| {Actor} | Reference | – | Session | any person (the actor) |
| {AgeLimit21} | Number | – | Session | twenty-one years |
| {ContinuesBegging} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Person} is to continue the begging |
| {ContinuesEmployment} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Person} is to continue the employment |
| {DebtBondage} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | debt bondage |
| {EquivalentConditions} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | circumstances corresponding thereto |
| {ExploitativeEmployment} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | the employment is exploitative employment within the meaning of Section 232(1) sentence 2 |
| {ExploitedInBegging} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Person} is exploited in the begging |
| {Exploits} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Actor} exploits the situation of {Person} |
| {FinancialPredicament} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | the financial predicament of {Person} |
| {ForeignCountryHelplessness} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | the helplessness of {Person} associated with their stay in a foreign country |
| {Induces} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Actor} induces {Person} |
| {Person} | Party | – | Session | the induced person (the victim) |
| {PersonAge} | Number | – | Session | the age of {Person} in years |
| {PersonalPredicament} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | the personal predicament of {Person} |
| {PlacesSelfIn} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Person} is to place themselves in the circumstances |
| {Serfdom} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | serfdom |
| {SimilarConditions} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | circumstances similar thereto |
| {Slavery} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | slavery |
| {TakesUpBegging} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Person} is to take up the begging |
| {TakesUpEmployment} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Person} is to take up the employment |
Reconstruction from the substrate
Committed by any person (the actor) who: (({Actor} exploits the situation of {Person} and (the personal predicament of {Person} or the financial predicament of {Person} or the helplessness of {Person} associated with their stay in a foreign country)) or (PersonAge < AgeLimit21)) and {Actor} induces {Person} and ((the employment is exploitative employment within the meaning of Section 232(1) sentence 2 and ({Person} is to take up the employment or {Person} is to continue the employment)) or ({Person} is to place themselves in the circumstances and (slavery or serfdom or debt bondage or circumstances corresponding thereto or circumstances similar thereto)) or ({Person} is exploited in the begging and ({Person} is to take up the begging or {Person} is to continue the begging))).
Assembled only from the variable surface forms (including the actor) and the computable structure carried in the XSD, not from the source column. It should read as the offence. This is the recoverability test: the law is reverse-derivable from the substrate.
Dependent assessments (reactive invalidation)
| Assessment | Depends on | Invalidation | Trigger effect |
|---|---|---|---|
| [HeldConditions] | Slavery, Serfdom, DebtBondage, EquivalentConditions, SimilarConditions | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [Leg1] | ExploitativeEmployment, TakesUpEmployment, ContinuesEmployment | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [PersonUnder21] | PersonAge, AgeLimit21 | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [Leg3] | ExploitedInBegging, TakesUpBegging, ContinuesBegging | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [ExploitedSituation] | PersonalPredicament, FinancialPredicament, ForeignCountryHelplessness | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [Para1Basis] | Exploits, ExploitedSituation, PersonUnder21 | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [Leg2] | PlacesSelfIn, HeldConditions | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [ForcedLabour] | Para1Basis, Induces, Leg1, Leg2, Leg3 | false | Final composite. Re-evaluates on any input change; cannot resolve true while any input is unknown. |
| prohibition (FLB-P0) | [ForcedLabour] | re-derives | The PrimeRule prohibition holds whenever the composite is true; re-derives on any change. |
Decision tree
PHASE 1: gather inputs (Session)
├─ {Actor}
├─ {AgeLimit21}
├─ {ContinuesBegging}
├─ {ContinuesEmployment}
├─ {DebtBondage}
├─ {EquivalentConditions}
├─ {ExploitativeEmployment}
├─ {ExploitedInBegging}
├─ {Exploits}
├─ {FinancialPredicament}
├─ {ForeignCountryHelplessness}
├─ {Induces}
├─ {Person}
├─ {PersonAge}
├─ {PersonalPredicament}
├─ {PlacesSelfIn}
├─ {Serfdom}
├─ {SimilarConditions}
├─ {Slavery}
├─ {TakesUpBegging}
├─ {TakesUpEmployment}
↓
PHASE 2: evaluate act / intermediate computables
├─ [HeldConditions] = Slavery is true or Serfdom is true or DebtBondage is true or EquivalentConditions is true or SimilarConditions is true
├─ [Leg1] = ExploitativeEmployment is true and (TakesUpEmployment is true or ContinuesEmployment is true)
├─ [PersonUnder21] = PersonAge < AgeLimit21
├─ [Leg3] = ExploitedInBegging is true and (TakesUpBegging is true or ContinuesBegging is true)
├─ [ExploitedSituation] = PersonalPredicament is true or FinancialPredicament is true or ForeignCountryHelplessness is true
├─ [Para1Basis] = (Exploits is true and ExploitedSituation is true) or PersonUnder21 is true
├─ [Leg2] = PlacesSelfIn is true and HeldConditions is true
↓
PHASE 3: evaluate the objective conditions
└─ [ForcedLabour] = Para1Basis is true and Induces is true and (Leg1 is true or Leg2 is true or Leg3 is true)
↓
VERDICT (PrimeRule)
├─ [ForcedLabour] is true → objective conditions realised → conduct PROHIBITED (subject to permissions / exceptions)
└─ [ForcedLabour] is false → not realised
Recursion / re-entry notes
No runtime re-entry. The operome is a single forward evaluation: inputs → act computable(s) → Tatbestand composite → prohibition verdict. Attempt and preparation, where the section provides for them, are separate operomes, not re-entries.
Circularity check
• [ForcedLabour] depends on [HeldConditions], [Leg1], [PersonUnder21], [Leg3], [ExploitedSituation], [Para1Basis], [Leg2]; none refer back to [ForcedLabour]. No definitional cycle.
• Each computable reduces to input Booleans; the graph is a DAG and topologically sortable. Tristate is monotone: any unknown input holds the composite at unknown rather than forcing a verdict.
Questionnaire
| # | Cascade | Variable | Question / prompt | Input |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q1 | Session | {Actor} | Who or what is the actor? Any natural person, legal person, or non-human system. Canonical home: PrimeRule.? | Reference |
| Q2 | Session | {AgeLimit21} | Element/Datum: twenty-one years.? | Number |
| Q3 | Session | {ContinuesBegging} | Element/Datum: {Person} is to continue the begging.? | Boolean |
| Q4 | Session | {ContinuesEmployment} | Element/Datum: {Person} is to continue the employment.? | Boolean |
| Q5 | Session | {DebtBondage} | Element/Datum: debt bondage.? | Boolean |
| Q6 | Session | {EquivalentConditions} | Element/Datum: circumstances corresponding thereto.? | Boolean |
| Q7 | Session | {ExploitativeEmployment} | Element/Datum: the employment is exploitative employment within the meaning of Section 232(1) sentence 2.? | Boolean |
| Q8 | Session | {ExploitedInBegging} | Element/Datum: {Person} is exploited in the begging.? | Boolean |
| Q9 | Session | {Exploits} | Element/Datum: {Actor} exploits the situation of {Person}.? | Boolean |
| Q10 | Session | {FinancialPredicament} | Element/Datum: the financial predicament of {Person}.? | Boolean |
| Q11 | Session | {ForeignCountryHelplessness} | Element/Datum: the helplessness of {Person} associated with their stay in a foreign country.? | Boolean |
| Q12 | Session | {Induces} | Element/Datum: {Actor} induces {Person}.? | Boolean |
| Q13 | Session | {Person} | Element/Datum: the induced person (the victim).? | Party |
| Q14 | Session | {PersonAge} | Element/Datum: the age of {Person} in years.? | Number |
| Q15 | Session | {PersonalPredicament} | Element/Datum: the personal predicament of {Person}.? | Boolean |
| Q16 | Session | {PlacesSelfIn} | Element/Datum: {Person} is to place themselves in the circumstances.? | Boolean |
| Q17 | Session | {Serfdom} | Element/Datum: serfdom.? | Boolean |
| Q18 | Session | {SimilarConditions} | Element/Datum: circumstances similar thereto.? | Boolean |
| Q19 | Session | {Slavery} | Element/Datum: slavery.? | Boolean |
| Q20 | Session | {TakesUpBegging} | Element/Datum: {Person} is to take up the begging.? | Boolean |
| Q21 | Session | {TakesUpEmployment} | Element/Datum: {Person} is to take up the employment.? | Boolean |
Flags
Scope Paragraph 1 only: both limbs over {Induces}, with the exploitative-employment leg, the servitude leg and the exploited-begging leg. Struck whole per the marked-up source: (2) attempt, (3) the means variant, (4) the mutatis reference to §232a(4) and (5).
Translation note As in §232 and §232a, the draft English layer severs limb 1 from the governing verb “veranlasst”; the source column expands the elision so both limbs carry {Induces}.
Deliberate asymmetry with §232a The means variant (violence, threat of serious harm, deceit) is live in §232a(3) but struck here in §232b(3); both follow the markup exactly and the asymmetry is recorded as an editorial decision.
Definition consumed by name {ExploitativeEmployment} resolves against the §232 scope, where sentence 2 authors the definition; here it is a status predicate on the employment, per the by-name leaf pattern.
Prospective legs retained The infinitive purpose structure (“is to take up”, “is to place themselves”) is prospective and live per the Operomise tag, consistent with §232; existence of the prospect in fact escalates.
Treatment §232b is Operomise-tagged.
Source (English, unofficial)
Operome markup - original text encoded
(1) A person who exploits another person, taking advantage of their personal or financial predicament or their helplessness associated with their stay in a foreign country, or who exploits another person under the age of twenty-one, 1. through employment as defined in Section 232(1), second sentence, 2. in the practice of begging, or 3. in the commission by that person of acts punishable by law, shall be punished with imprisonment for a term not exceeding three years or a fine. (2) A term of imprisonment of between six months and ten years shall be imposed if 1. the victim is under the age of eighteen at the time of the offence, 2. the offender physically abuses the victim severely during the offence or, through the offence or an act committed during the offence, at least recklessly exposes the victim to the risk of death or serious harm to health, 3. the perpetrator places the victim in financial distress by wholly or partially withholding the remuneration customary for the victim’s work, or significantly exacerbates an existing financial distress, or 4. the perpetrator acts as a member of a gang which has formed with the intention of committing such offences on a continuous basis. (3) An attempt is punishable. (4) In less serious cases under paragraph 1, the penalty shall be imprisonment for up to two years or a fine; in less serious cases under paragraph 2, the penalty shall be imprisonment for a term of three months to five years. (5) A person who facilitates an offence under paragraph 1(1) by 1. arranging exploitative employment (Section 232(1), second sentence), 2. letting business premises, or 3. letting residential premises to the person to be exploited, shall be punished with imprisonment for up to two years or a fine. Sentence 1 shall not apply if the offence is already punishable by a more severe penalty under other provisions.
«if ExploitationOfLabour is true»(1) Shall be punished with imprisonment for a term not exceeding three years or a fine {Actor} who «if {ExploitsPerson} is true»exploits {Person} «end if», «if {TakesAdvantage} is true»taking advantage of the «if {PersonalPredicament} is true»personal «end if» «if {FinancialPredicament} is true»or financial «end if» predicament of {Person} «if {ForeignCountryHelplessness} is true»or their helplessness associated with their stay in a foreign country «end if» «end if», or who «if {ExploitsPerson} is true»exploits «end if» {Person} «if [PersonUnder21] is true»under the age of {AgeLimit21} «end if», 1. {ThroughEmployment} through «if {ExploitativeEmployment} is true»employment as defined in Section 232(1), second sentence «end if», 2. «if {WhileBegging} is true»in the practice of begging «end if», or 3. «if {CommittingPunishableActs} is true»in the commission by {Person} of acts punishable by law «end if». (2) A term of imprisonment of between six months and ten years shall be imposed if 1. the victim is under the age of eighteen at the time of the offence, 2. the offender physically abuses the victim severely during the offence or, through the offence or an act committed during the offence, at least recklessly exposes the victim to the risk of death or serious harm to health, 3. the perpetrator places the victim in financial distress by wholly or partially withholding the remuneration customary for the victim's work, or significantly exacerbates an existing financial distress, or 4. the perpetrator acts as a member of a gang which has formed with the intention of committing such offences on a continuous basis. (3) An attempt is punishable. (4) In less serious cases under paragraph 1, the penalty shall be imprisonment for up to two years or a fine; in less serious cases under paragraph 2, the penalty shall be imprisonment for a term of three months to five years. (5) Shall be punished with imprisonment for up to two years or a fine {Actor} who «if {Facilitates} is true»facilitates «end if» «if {OffenceUnderPara1No1} is true»an offence under paragraph 1 point 1 «end if» by 1. «if {Arranges} is true»arranging «end if» «if {ExploitativeEmployment} is true»exploitative employment (Section 232(1), second sentence) «end if», 2. «if {LetsBusinessPremises} is true»letting business premises «end if», or 3. «if {LetsResidentialPremises} is true»letting residential premises to the person to be exploited «end if». «if {MoreSeverePenaltyElsewhere} is false»Sentence 1 shall not apply if the offence is already punishable by a more severe penalty under other provisions «end if». «end if»
Annexes
Computables
[PersonUnder21] = PersonAge < AgeLimit21
[ExploitedSituation] = PersonalPredicament is true or FinancialPredicament is true or ForeignCountryHelplessness is true
[Para1Basis] = (TakesAdvantage is true and ExploitedSituation is true) or PersonUnder21 is true
[Mode1] = ThroughEmployment is true and ExploitativeEmployment is true
[Para1] = Para1Basis is true and ExploitsPerson is true and (Mode1 is true or WhileBegging is true or CommittingPunishableActs is true)
[FacilitationMeans] = (Arranges is true and ExploitativeEmployment is true) or LetsBusinessPremises is true or LetsResidentialPremises is true
[Para5] = Facilitates is true and OffenceUnderPara1No1 is true and FacilitationMeans is true and MoreSeverePenaltyElsewhere is false
[ExploitationOfLabour] = Para1 is true or Para5 is true
Business rules
| id | kind | actor | verb / predicate | body |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LEX-R01 | act | Actor | ExploitsPerson is true | |
| LEX-R02 | act | Actor | TakesAdvantage is true | |
| LEX-R03 | condition | None | PersonalPredicament is true | |
| LEX-R04 | condition | None | FinancialPredicament is true | |
| LEX-R05 | condition | None | ForeignCountryHelplessness is true | |
| LEX-R06 | condition | None | ExploitativeEmployment is true | |
| LEX-R07 | condition | None | ThroughEmployment is true | |
| LEX-R08 | condition | None | WhileBegging is true | |
| LEX-R09 | condition | None | CommittingPunishableActs is true | |
| LEX-R10 | act | Actor | Facilitates is true | |
| LEX-R11 | condition | None | OffenceUnderPara1No1 is true | |
| LEX-R12 | act | Actor | Arranges is true | |
| LEX-R13 | act | Actor | LetsBusinessPremises is true | |
| LEX-R14 | act | Actor | LetsResidentialPremises is true | |
| LEX-R15 | condition | None | MoreSeverePenaltyElsewhere is true | |
| LEX-R90 | condition | None | the person is under the age of twenty-one | PersonUnder21 is true |
| LEX-P0 | prohibition | Actor | not realise | not ExploitationOfLabour |
Tatbestand dissected to the Merkmal
| Source phrase | Doctrinal role | Primitive | Rule | Requires |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A person who | Tätersubjekt | {Actor} | — | in scope |
| {Actor} exploits {Person} | Merkmal | {ExploitsPerson} | LEX-R01 | is true |
| {Actor} takes advantage of the situation of {Person} | Merkmal | {TakesAdvantage} | LEX-R02 | is true |
| the personal predicament of {Person} | Merkmal | {PersonalPredicament} | LEX-R03 | is true |
| the financial predicament of {Person} | Merkmal | {FinancialPredicament} | LEX-R04 | is true |
| the helplessness of {Person} associated with their stay in a foreign country | Merkmal | {ForeignCountryHelplessness} | LEX-R05 | is true |
| the employment is exploitative employment within the meaning of Section 232(1) sentence 2 | Merkmal | {ExploitativeEmployment} | LEX-R06 | is true |
| through the employment | Merkmal | {ThroughEmployment} | LEX-R07 | is true |
| in the practice of begging | Merkmal | {WhileBegging} | LEX-R08 | is true |
| in the commission by {Person} of acts punishable by law | Merkmal | {CommittingPunishableActs} | LEX-R09 | is true |
| {Actor} facilitates the offence | Merkmal | {Facilitates} | LEX-R10 | is true |
| the facilitated act is an offence under paragraph 1 point 1 | Merkmal | {OffenceUnderPara1No1} | LEX-R11 | is true |
| {Actor} arranges the employment | Merkmal | {Arranges} | LEX-R12 | is true |
| {Actor} lets business premises | Merkmal | {LetsBusinessPremises} | LEX-R13 | is true |
| {Actor} lets residential premises to the person to be exploited | Merkmal | {LetsResidentialPremises} | LEX-R14 | is true |
| the act is punishable by a more severe penalty under other provisions | Merkmal | {MoreSeverePenaltyElsewhere} | LEX-R15 | is true |
| (2) aggravations; (3) attempt; (4) lesser cases | grading / attempt | — excluded — | — | struck |
Variables appendix
| Variable | Input | Values | Cascade | Surface form (source words) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| {Actor} | Reference | – | Session | any person (the actor) |
| {AgeLimit21} | Number | – | Session | twenty-one years |
| {Arranges} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Actor} arranges the employment |
| {CommittingPunishableActs} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | in the commission by {Person} of acts punishable by law |
| {ExploitativeEmployment} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | the employment is exploitative employment within the meaning of Section 232(1) sentence 2 |
| {ExploitsPerson} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Actor} exploits {Person} |
| {Facilitates} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Actor} facilitates the offence |
| {FinancialPredicament} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | the financial predicament of {Person} |
| {ForeignCountryHelplessness} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | the helplessness of {Person} associated with their stay in a foreign country |
| {LetsBusinessPremises} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Actor} lets business premises |
| {LetsResidentialPremises} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Actor} lets residential premises to the person to be exploited |
| {MoreSeverePenaltyElsewhere} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | the act is punishable by a more severe penalty under other provisions |
| {OffenceUnderPara1No1} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | the facilitated act is an offence under paragraph 1 point 1 |
| {Person} | Party | – | Session | the exploited person (the victim) |
| {PersonAge} | Number | – | Session | the age of {Person} in years |
| {PersonalPredicament} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | the personal predicament of {Person} |
| {TakesAdvantage} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Actor} takes advantage of the situation of {Person} |
| {ThroughEmployment} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | through the employment |
| {WhileBegging} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | in the practice of begging |
Reconstruction from the substrate
Committed by any person (the actor) who: ((({Actor} takes advantage of the situation of {Person} and (the personal predicament of {Person} or the financial predicament of {Person} or the helplessness of {Person} associated with their stay in a foreign country)) or (PersonAge < AgeLimit21)) and {Actor} exploits {Person} and ((through the employment and the employment is exploitative employment within the meaning of Section 232(1) sentence 2) or in the practice of begging or in the commission by {Person} of acts punishable by law)) or ({Actor} facilitates the offence and the facilitated act is an offence under paragraph 1 point 1 and (({Actor} arranges the employment and the employment is exploitative employment within the meaning of Section 232(1) sentence 2) or {Actor} lets business premises or {Actor} lets residential premises to the person to be exploited) and not the act is punishable by a more severe penalty under other provisions).
Assembled only from the variable surface forms (including the actor) and the computable structure carried in the XSD, not from the source column. It should read as the offence. This is the recoverability test: the law is reverse-derivable from the substrate.
Dependent assessments (reactive invalidation)
| Assessment | Depends on | Invalidation | Trigger effect |
|---|---|---|---|
| [PersonUnder21] | PersonAge, AgeLimit21 | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [ExploitedSituation] | PersonalPredicament, FinancialPredicament, ForeignCountryHelplessness | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [Para1Basis] | TakesAdvantage, ExploitedSituation, PersonUnder21 | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [Mode1] | ThroughEmployment, ExploitativeEmployment | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [Para1] | Para1Basis, ExploitsPerson, Mode1, WhileBegging, CommittingPunishableActs | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [FacilitationMeans] | Arranges, ExploitativeEmployment, LetsBusinessPremises, LetsResidentialPremises | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [Para5] | Facilitates, OffenceUnderPara1No1, FacilitationMeans, MoreSeverePenaltyElsewhere | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [ExploitationOfLabour] | Para1, Para5 | false | Final composite. Re-evaluates on any input change; cannot resolve true while any input is unknown. |
| prohibition (LEX-P0) | [ExploitationOfLabour] | re-derives | The PrimeRule prohibition holds whenever the composite is true; re-derives on any change. |
Decision tree
PHASE 1: gather inputs (Session)
├─ {Actor}
├─ {AgeLimit21}
├─ {Arranges}
├─ {CommittingPunishableActs}
├─ {ExploitativeEmployment}
├─ {ExploitsPerson}
├─ {Facilitates}
├─ {FinancialPredicament}
├─ {ForeignCountryHelplessness}
├─ {LetsBusinessPremises}
├─ {LetsResidentialPremises}
├─ {MoreSeverePenaltyElsewhere}
├─ {OffenceUnderPara1No1}
├─ {Person}
├─ {PersonAge}
├─ {PersonalPredicament}
├─ {TakesAdvantage}
├─ {ThroughEmployment}
├─ {WhileBegging}
↓
PHASE 2: evaluate act / intermediate computables
├─ [PersonUnder21] = PersonAge < AgeLimit21
├─ [ExploitedSituation] = PersonalPredicament is true or FinancialPredicament is true or ForeignCountryHelplessness is true
├─ [Para1Basis] = (TakesAdvantage is true and ExploitedSituation is true) or PersonUnder21 is true
├─ [Mode1] = ThroughEmployment is true and ExploitativeEmployment is true
├─ [Para1] = Para1Basis is true and ExploitsPerson is true and (Mode1 is true or WhileBegging is true or CommittingPunishableActs is true)
├─ [FacilitationMeans] = (Arranges is true and ExploitativeEmployment is true) or LetsBusinessPremises is true or LetsResidentialPremises is true
├─ [Para5] = Facilitates is true and OffenceUnderPara1No1 is true and FacilitationMeans is true and MoreSeverePenaltyElsewhere is false
↓
PHASE 3: evaluate the objective conditions
└─ [ExploitationOfLabour] = Para1 is true or Para5 is true
↓
VERDICT (PrimeRule)
├─ [ExploitationOfLabour] is true → objective conditions realised → conduct PROHIBITED (subject to permissions / exceptions)
└─ [ExploitationOfLabour] is false → not realised
Recursion / re-entry notes
No runtime re-entry. The operome is a single forward evaluation: inputs → act computable(s) → Tatbestand composite → prohibition verdict. Attempt and preparation, where the section provides for them, are separate operomes, not re-entries.
Circularity check
• [ExploitationOfLabour] depends on [PersonUnder21], [ExploitedSituation], [Para1Basis], [Mode1], [Para1], [FacilitationMeans], [Para5]; none refer back to [ExploitationOfLabour]. No definitional cycle.
• Each computable reduces to input Booleans; the graph is a DAG and topologically sortable. Tristate is monotone: any unknown input holds the composite at unknown rather than forcing a verdict.
Questionnaire
| # | Cascade | Variable | Question / prompt | Input |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q1 | Session | {Actor} | Who or what is the actor? Any natural person, legal person, or non-human system. Canonical home: PrimeRule.? | Reference |
| Q2 | Session | {AgeLimit21} | Element/Datum: twenty-one years.? | Number |
| Q3 | Session | {Arranges} | Element/Datum: {Actor} arranges the employment.? | Boolean |
| Q4 | Session | {CommittingPunishableActs} | Element/Datum: in the commission by {Person} of acts punishable by law.? | Boolean |
| Q5 | Session | {ExploitativeEmployment} | Element/Datum: the employment is exploitative employment within the meaning of Section 232(1) sentence 2.? | Boolean |
| Q6 | Session | {ExploitsPerson} | Element/Datum: {Actor} exploits {Person}.? | Boolean |
| Q7 | Session | {Facilitates} | Element/Datum: {Actor} facilitates the offence.? | Boolean |
| Q8 | Session | {FinancialPredicament} | Element/Datum: the financial predicament of {Person}.? | Boolean |
| Q9 | Session | {ForeignCountryHelplessness} | Element/Datum: the helplessness of {Person} associated with their stay in a foreign country.? | Boolean |
| Q10 | Session | {LetsBusinessPremises} | Element/Datum: {Actor} lets business premises.? | Boolean |
| Q11 | Session | {LetsResidentialPremises} | Element/Datum: {Actor} lets residential premises to the person to be exploited.? | Boolean |
| Q12 | Session | {MoreSeverePenaltyElsewhere} | Element/Datum: the act is punishable by a more severe penalty under other provisions.? | Boolean |
| Q13 | Session | {OffenceUnderPara1No1} | Element/Datum: the facilitated act is an offence under paragraph 1 point 1.? | Boolean |
| Q14 | Session | {Person} | Element/Datum: the exploited person (the victim).? | Party |
| Q15 | Session | {PersonAge} | Element/Datum: the age of {Person} in years.? | Number |
| Q16 | Session | {PersonalPredicament} | Element/Datum: the personal predicament of {Person}.? | Boolean |
| Q17 | Session | {TakesAdvantage} | Element/Datum: {Actor} takes advantage of the situation of {Person}.? | Boolean |
| Q18 | Session | {ThroughEmployment} | Element/Datum: through the employment.? | Boolean |
| Q19 | Session | {WhileBegging} | Element/Datum: in the practice of begging.? | Boolean |
Flags
Scope Paragraph 1 (both limbs over {ExploitsPerson}, with the employment, begging and punishable-acts modes) and paragraph 5 (the facilitation variant with its live subsidiarity sentence) encoded. Struck per the marked-up source: (2) the four aggravations, (3) attempt, (4) lesser cases.
Verb structure Unlike §232a and §232b, the governing offence verb here is “ausbeutet” ({ExploitsPerson}); “unter Ausnutzung” is the means in limb 1 and is carried separately as {TakesAdvantage} spanning the predicament objects. The English carries this structure; only the verb sharing across limbs is made explicit.
Live subsidiarity (rule 12) Paragraph 5 sentence 2 (“Sentence 1 shall not apply if the offence is already punishable by a more severe penalty under other provisions”) is live in the markup and is encoded as {MoreSeverePenaltyElsewhere} is false inside [Para5], per the §184j pattern.
Definition consumed by name {ExploitativeEmployment} resolves against the §232 scope in both paragraph 1 mode 1 and paragraph 5 point 1; {OffenceUnderPara1No1} resolves against this section's own [Para1] by name as a fact about the facilitated principal act.
Treatment §233 is Operomise-tagged; exploitation in fact is evaluative at the margin and escalates.
Source (English, unofficial)
Operome markup - original text encoded
(1) A person who confines another person or otherwise deprives them of their liberty and exploits them whilst they are in that situation 1. in the practice of prostitution, 2. through employment as defined in Section 232(1), second sentence, 3. in the practice of begging, or 4. in the commission by that person of acts punishable by law, shall be liable to imprisonment for a term of between six months and ten years. (2) An attempt is punishable. (3) In the cases referred to in paragraph 1, a term of imprisonment of between one and ten years shall be imposed if any of the circumstances specified in Section 233(2)(1) to (4) apply. (4) In less serious cases under paragraph 1, a term of imprisonment of between three months and five years shall be imposed; in less serious cases under paragraph 3, a term of imprisonment of between six months and ten years shall be imposed.
«if ExploitationWithDeprivation is true»(1) Shall be liable to imprisonment for a term of between six months and ten years {Actor} who «if {Confines} is true»confines {Person} «end if» «if {OtherwiseDeprivesOfLiberty} is true»or otherwise deprives {Person} of their liberty «end if» and «if {ExploitsPerson} is true»exploits {Person} «end if» «if {InThatSituation} is true»whilst they are in that situation «end if» 1. «if {InProstitution} is true»in the practice of prostitution «end if», 2. {ThroughEmployment} through «if {ExploitativeEmployment} is true»employment as defined in Section 232(1), second sentence «end if», 3. «if {WhileBegging} is true»in the practice of begging «end if», or 4. «if {CommittingPunishableActs} is true»in the commission by {Person} of acts punishable by law «end if». (2) An attempt is punishable. (3) In the cases referred to in paragraph 1, a term of imprisonment of between one and ten years shall be imposed if any of the circumstances specified in Section 233(2)(1) to (4) apply. (4) In less serious cases under paragraph 1, a term of imprisonment of between three months and five years shall be imposed; in less serious cases under paragraph 3, a term of imprisonment of between six months and ten years shall be imposed.«end if»
Annexes
Computables
[Mode2] = ThroughEmployment is true and ExploitativeEmployment is true
[ExploitationModes] = InProstitution is true or Mode2 is true or WhileBegging is true or CommittingPunishableActs is true
[Deprivation] = Confines is true or OtherwiseDeprivesOfLiberty is true
[ExploitationWithDeprivation] = Deprivation is true and ExploitsPerson is true and InThatSituation is true and ExploitationModes is true
Business rules
| id | kind | actor | verb / predicate | body |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EWD-R01 | act | Actor | Confines is true | |
| EWD-R02 | act | Actor | OtherwiseDeprivesOfLiberty is true | |
| EWD-R03 | act | Actor | ExploitsPerson is true | |
| EWD-R04 | condition | None | InThatSituation is true | |
| EWD-R05 | condition | None | InProstitution is true | |
| EWD-R06 | condition | None | ExploitativeEmployment is true | |
| EWD-R07 | condition | None | ThroughEmployment is true | |
| EWD-R08 | condition | None | WhileBegging is true | |
| EWD-R09 | condition | None | CommittingPunishableActs is true | |
| EWD-P0 | prohibition | Actor | not realise | not ExploitationWithDeprivation |
Tatbestand dissected to the Merkmal
| Source phrase | Doctrinal role | Primitive | Rule | Requires |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A person who | Tätersubjekt | {Actor} | — | in scope |
| {Actor} confines {Person} | Merkmal | {Confines} | EWD-R01 | is true |
| {Actor} otherwise deprives {Person} of their liberty | Merkmal | {OtherwiseDeprivesOfLiberty} | EWD-R02 | is true |
| {Actor} exploits {Person} | Merkmal | {ExploitsPerson} | EWD-R03 | is true |
| while {Person} is in that situation | Merkmal | {InThatSituation} | EWD-R04 | is true |
| in the practice of prostitution | Merkmal | {InProstitution} | EWD-R05 | is true |
| the employment is exploitative employment within the meaning of Section 232(1) sentence 2 | Merkmal | {ExploitativeEmployment} | EWD-R06 | is true |
| through the employment | Merkmal | {ThroughEmployment} | EWD-R07 | is true |
| in the practice of begging | Merkmal | {WhileBegging} | EWD-R08 | is true |
| in the commission by {Person} of acts punishable by law | Merkmal | {CommittingPunishableActs} | EWD-R09 | is true |
| (2) attempt; (3) aggravation cross-reference; (4) lesser cases | attempt / grading | — excluded — | — | struck |
Variables appendix
| Variable | Input | Values | Cascade | Surface form (source words) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| {Actor} | Reference | – | Session | any person (the actor) |
| {CommittingPunishableActs} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | in the commission by {Person} of acts punishable by law |
| {Confines} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Actor} confines {Person} |
| {ExploitativeEmployment} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | the employment is exploitative employment within the meaning of Section 232(1) sentence 2 |
| {ExploitsPerson} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Actor} exploits {Person} |
| {InProstitution} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | in the practice of prostitution |
| {InThatSituation} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | while {Person} is in that situation |
| {OtherwiseDeprivesOfLiberty} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Actor} otherwise deprives {Person} of their liberty |
| {Person} | Party | – | Session | the deprived person (the victim) |
| {ThroughEmployment} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | through the employment |
| {WhileBegging} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | in the practice of begging |
Reconstruction from the substrate
Committed by any person (the actor) who: ({Actor} confines {Person} or {Actor} otherwise deprives {Person} of their liberty) and {Actor} exploits {Person} and while {Person} is in that situation and (in the practice of prostitution or (through the employment and the employment is exploitative employment within the meaning of Section 232(1) sentence 2) or in the practice of begging or in the commission by {Person} of acts punishable by law).
Assembled only from the variable surface forms (including the actor) and the computable structure carried in the XSD, not from the source column. It should read as the offence. This is the recoverability test: the law is reverse-derivable from the substrate.
Dependent assessments (reactive invalidation)
| Assessment | Depends on | Invalidation | Trigger effect |
|---|---|---|---|
| [Mode2] | ThroughEmployment, ExploitativeEmployment | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [ExploitationModes] | InProstitution, Mode2, WhileBegging, CommittingPunishableActs | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [Deprivation] | Confines, OtherwiseDeprivesOfLiberty | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [ExploitationWithDeprivation] | Deprivation, ExploitsPerson, InThatSituation, ExploitationModes | false | Final composite. Re-evaluates on any input change; cannot resolve true while any input is unknown. |
| prohibition (EWD-P0) | [ExploitationWithDeprivation] | re-derives | The PrimeRule prohibition holds whenever the composite is true; re-derives on any change. |
Decision tree
PHASE 1: gather inputs (Session)
├─ {Actor}
├─ {CommittingPunishableActs}
├─ {Confines}
├─ {ExploitativeEmployment}
├─ {ExploitsPerson}
├─ {InProstitution}
├─ {InThatSituation}
├─ {OtherwiseDeprivesOfLiberty}
├─ {Person}
├─ {ThroughEmployment}
├─ {WhileBegging}
↓
PHASE 2: evaluate act / intermediate computables
├─ [Mode2] = ThroughEmployment is true and ExploitativeEmployment is true
├─ [ExploitationModes] = InProstitution is true or Mode2 is true or WhileBegging is true or CommittingPunishableActs is true
├─ [Deprivation] = Confines is true or OtherwiseDeprivesOfLiberty is true
↓
PHASE 3: evaluate the objective conditions
└─ [ExploitationWithDeprivation] = Deprivation is true and ExploitsPerson is true and InThatSituation is true and ExploitationModes is true
↓
VERDICT (PrimeRule)
├─ [ExploitationWithDeprivation] is true → objective conditions realised → conduct PROHIBITED (subject to permissions / exceptions)
└─ [ExploitationWithDeprivation] is false → not realised
Recursion / re-entry notes
No runtime re-entry. The operome is a single forward evaluation: inputs → act computable(s) → Tatbestand composite → prohibition verdict. Attempt and preparation, where the section provides for them, are separate operomes, not re-entries.
Circularity check
• [ExploitationWithDeprivation] depends on [Mode2], [ExploitationModes], [Deprivation]; none refer back to [ExploitationWithDeprivation]. No definitional cycle.
• Each computable reduces to input Booleans; the graph is a DAG and topologically sortable. Tristate is monotone: any unknown input holds the composite at unknown rather than forcing a verdict.
Questionnaire
| # | Cascade | Variable | Question / prompt | Input |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q1 | Session | {Actor} | Who or what is the actor? Any natural person, legal person, or non-human system. Canonical home: PrimeRule.? | Reference |
| Q2 | Session | {CommittingPunishableActs} | Element/Datum: in the commission by {Person} of acts punishable by law.? | Boolean |
| Q3 | Session | {Confines} | Element/Datum: {Actor} confines {Person}.? | Boolean |
| Q4 | Session | {ExploitativeEmployment} | Element/Datum: the employment is exploitative employment within the meaning of Section 232(1) sentence 2.? | Boolean |
| Q5 | Session | {ExploitsPerson} | Element/Datum: {Actor} exploits {Person}.? | Boolean |
| Q6 | Session | {InProstitution} | Element/Datum: in the practice of prostitution.? | Boolean |
| Q7 | Session | {InThatSituation} | Element/Datum: while {Person} is in that situation.? | Boolean |
| Q8 | Session | {OtherwiseDeprivesOfLiberty} | Element/Datum: {Actor} otherwise deprives {Person} of their liberty.? | Boolean |
| Q9 | Session | {Person} | Element/Datum: the deprived person (the victim).? | Party |
| Q10 | Session | {ThroughEmployment} | Element/Datum: through the employment.? | Boolean |
| Q11 | Session | {WhileBegging} | Element/Datum: in the practice of begging.? | Boolean |
Flags
Scope Paragraph 1 only: the deprivation pair ({Confines}, {OtherwiseDeprivesOfLiberty}), the exploitation verb in the deprived situation, and the four exploitation modes. Struck per the marked-up source: (2) attempt, (3) the §233(2) aggravation cross-reference, (4) lesser cases.
Relationship to §239 “confines or otherwise deprives of their liberty” is the §239 conduct pair; the variables carry the same Merkmal as §239's and the §239 scope authors the pair for the title; cross-scope identity is by name.
Definition consumed by name {ExploitativeEmployment} resolves against the §232 scope (mode 2).
Treatment §233a is Operomise-tagged; exploitation in fact escalates at the margin.
Source (English, unofficial)
Operome markup - original text encoded
(1) Any person who seizes another person by force, by threatening them with serious harm or by deception, in order to abandon them in a helpless situation or to subject them to service in a military or military-like establishment abroad, shall be punished with imprisonment for a term of one to ten years. (2) In less serious cases, the penalty shall be imprisonment for a term of six months to five years.
«if Abduction is true»(1) {Actor} who «if {Seizes} is true»seizes {Person} «end if» by «if {Violence} is true»force «end if» «if {ThreatOfSeriousHarm} is true», by threatening them with serious harm «end if» «if {Deception} is true»or by deception «end if», in order «if {ToAbandonInHelplessSituation} is true»to abandon {Person} in a helpless situation «end if» or «if {ToBeSubjectedToService} is true»to subject {Person} to service in «if {MilitaryEstablishment} is true»a military «end if» «if {MilitaryLikeEstablishment} is true»or military-like «end if» establishment abroad «end if», shall be punished with imprisonment for a term of one to ten years. (2) In less serious cases, the penalty shall be imprisonment for a term of six months to five years.«end if»
Annexes
Computables
[Purpose2] = ToBeSubjectedToService is true and (MilitaryEstablishment is true or MilitaryLikeEstablishment is true)
[Purpose] = ToAbandonInHelplessSituation is true or Purpose2 is true
[Means] = Violence is true or ThreatOfSeriousHarm is true or Deception is true
[Abduction] = Seizes is true and Means is true and Purpose is true
Business rules
| id | kind | actor | verb / predicate | body |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ABD-R01 | act | Actor | Seizes is true | |
| ABD-R02 | condition | None | Violence is true | |
| ABD-R03 | condition | None | ThreatOfSeriousHarm is true | |
| ABD-R04 | condition | None | Deception is true | |
| ABD-R05 | condition | None | ToAbandonInHelplessSituation is true | |
| ABD-R06 | condition | None | ToBeSubjectedToService is true | |
| ABD-R07 | condition | None | MilitaryEstablishment is true | |
| ABD-R08 | condition | None | MilitaryLikeEstablishment is true | |
| ABD-P0 | prohibition | Actor | not realise | not Abduction |
Tatbestand dissected to the Merkmal
| Source phrase | Doctrinal role | Primitive | Rule | Requires |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Any person who | Tätersubjekt | {Actor} | — | in scope |
| {Actor} seizes {Person} | Merkmal | {Seizes} | ABD-R01 | is true |
| force | Merkmal | {Violence} | ABD-R02 | is true |
| the threat of serious harm | Merkmal | {ThreatOfSeriousHarm} | ABD-R03 | is true |
| deception | Merkmal | {Deception} | ABD-R04 | is true |
| {Person} is to be abandoned in a helpless situation | Merkmal | {ToAbandonInHelplessSituation} | ABD-R05 | is true |
| {Person} is to be subjected to service in the establishment abroad | Merkmal | {ToBeSubjectedToService} | ABD-R06 | is true |
| a military establishment | Merkmal | {MilitaryEstablishment} | ABD-R07 | is true |
| a military-like establishment | Merkmal | {MilitaryLikeEstablishment} | ABD-R08 | is true |
| (2) lesser cases | grading | — excluded — | — | struck |
Variables appendix
| Variable | Input | Values | Cascade | Surface form (source words) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| {Actor} | Reference | – | Session | any person (the actor) |
| {Deception} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | deception |
| {MilitaryEstablishment} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | a military establishment |
| {MilitaryLikeEstablishment} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | a military-like establishment |
| {Person} | Party | – | Session | the seized person (the victim) |
| {Seizes} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Actor} seizes {Person} |
| {ThreatOfSeriousHarm} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | the threat of serious harm |
| {ToAbandonInHelplessSituation} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Person} is to be abandoned in a helpless situation |
| {ToBeSubjectedToService} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Person} is to be subjected to service in the establishment abroad |
| {Violence} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | force |
Reconstruction from the substrate
Committed by any person (the actor) who: {Actor} seizes {Person} and (force or the threat of serious harm or deception) and ({Person} is to be abandoned in a helpless situation or ({Person} is to be subjected to service in the establishment abroad and (a military establishment or a military-like establishment))).
Assembled only from the variable surface forms (including the actor) and the computable structure carried in the XSD, not from the source column. It should read as the offence. This is the recoverability test: the law is reverse-derivable from the substrate.
Dependent assessments (reactive invalidation)
| Assessment | Depends on | Invalidation | Trigger effect |
|---|---|---|---|
| [Purpose2] | ToBeSubjectedToService, MilitaryEstablishment, MilitaryLikeEstablishment | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [Purpose] | ToAbandonInHelplessSituation, Purpose2 | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [Means] | Violence, ThreatOfSeriousHarm, Deception | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [Abduction] | Seizes, Means, Purpose | false | Final composite. Re-evaluates on any input change; cannot resolve true while any input is unknown. |
| prohibition (ABD-P0) | [Abduction] | re-derives | The PrimeRule prohibition holds whenever the composite is true; re-derives on any change. |
Decision tree
PHASE 1: gather inputs (Session)
├─ {Actor}
├─ {Deception}
├─ {MilitaryEstablishment}
├─ {MilitaryLikeEstablishment}
├─ {Person}
├─ {Seizes}
├─ {ThreatOfSeriousHarm}
├─ {ToAbandonInHelplessSituation}
├─ {ToBeSubjectedToService}
├─ {Violence}
↓
PHASE 2: evaluate act / intermediate computables
├─ [Purpose2] = ToBeSubjectedToService is true and (MilitaryEstablishment is true or MilitaryLikeEstablishment is true)
├─ [Purpose] = ToAbandonInHelplessSituation is true or Purpose2 is true
├─ [Means] = Violence is true or ThreatOfSeriousHarm is true or Deception is true
↓
PHASE 3: evaluate the objective conditions
└─ [Abduction] = Seizes is true and Means is true and Purpose is true
↓
VERDICT (PrimeRule)
├─ [Abduction] is true → objective conditions realised → conduct PROHIBITED (subject to permissions / exceptions)
└─ [Abduction] is false → not realised
Recursion / re-entry notes
No runtime re-entry. The operome is a single forward evaluation: inputs → act computable(s) → Tatbestand composite → prohibition verdict. Attempt and preparation, where the section provides for them, are separate operomes, not re-entries.
Circularity check
• [Abduction] depends on [Purpose2], [Purpose], [Means]; none refer back to [Abduction]. No definitional cycle.
• Each computable reduces to input Booleans; the graph is a DAG and topologically sortable. Tristate is monotone: any unknown input holds the composite at unknown rather than forcing a verdict.
Questionnaire
| # | Cascade | Variable | Question / prompt | Input |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q1 | Session | {Actor} | Who or what is the actor? Any natural person, legal person, or non-human system. Canonical home: PrimeRule.? | Reference |
| Q2 | Session | {Deception} | Element/Datum: deception.? | Boolean |
| Q3 | Session | {MilitaryEstablishment} | Element/Datum: a military establishment.? | Boolean |
| Q4 | Session | {MilitaryLikeEstablishment} | Element/Datum: a military-like establishment.? | Boolean |
| Q5 | Session | {Person} | Element/Datum: the seized person (the victim).? | Party |
| Q6 | Session | {Seizes} | Element/Datum: {Actor} seizes {Person}.? | Boolean |
| Q7 | Session | {ThreatOfSeriousHarm} | Element/Datum: the threat of serious harm.? | Boolean |
| Q8 | Session | {ToAbandonInHelplessSituation} | Element/Datum: {Person} is to be abandoned in a helpless situation.? | Boolean |
| Q9 | Session | {ToBeSubjectedToService} | Element/Datum: {Person} is to be subjected to service in the establishment abroad.? | Boolean |
| Q10 | Session | {Violence} | Element/Datum: force.? | Boolean |
Flags
Scope Paragraph 1, the single-sentence seizure offence with its means triad and both purpose legs; (2) lesser cases struck per the marked-up source.
Translation note The draft English layer renders “um sie in hilfloser Lage auszusetzen” as “to place them in a helpless situation”; “auszusetzen” is to abandon (the §221 verb), rendered as “to abandon them in a helpless situation” and bound to {ToAbandonInHelplessSituation}.
Purpose legs retained (deliberate) The um-zu purposes are live per the markup and the Operomise tag, encoded as prospective conditions per the §232 pattern; “military or military-like” splits into two coordinated establishment objects under the {ToBeSubjectedToService} gate.
Means triad “mit Gewalt, durch Drohung mit einem empfindlichen Übel oder durch List” carries this section's English vocabulary ({Violence} “force”, {ThreatOfSeriousHarm}, {Deception}); the same German triad appears in §232a(3) with “deceit”, and the variable names carry the shared Merkmal.
Treatment §234 is Operomise-tagged.
Source (English, unofficial)
Operome markup - original text encoded
(1) A person shall be punished with imprisonment for up to five years or a fine if they remove or withhold 1. a person under the age of eighteen, by means of violence, by threatening them with serious harm or by deceit, or 2. a child, without being a relative of the child, from the parents, a parent, the guardian or the carer. (2) A person shall also be punished who 1. removes a child from the parents, a parent, the guardian or the carer in order to take the child abroad, or 2. withholds the child abroad after it has been taken there or has gone there of its own accord. (3) In the cases referred to in paragraph 1(2) and paragraph 2(1), an attempt is punishable. (4) A term of imprisonment of between one and ten years shall be imposed if the offender 1. by the act places the victim in danger of death or serious harm to health or significant impairment of physical or mental development, or 2. commits the offence for remuneration or with the intention of enriching himself or a third party. (5) If the offender causes the death of the victim through the act, the penalty shall be a term of imprisonment of not less than three years. (6) In less serious cases under paragraph 4, the penalty shall be imprisonment for a term of six months to five years; in less serious cases under paragraph 5, the penalty shall be imprisonment for a term of one year to ten years. (7) The abduction of minors shall be prosecuted in the cases referred to in paragraphs 1 to 3 only upon application, unless the prosecuting authority considers it necessary to intervene ex officio on account of the particular public interest in prosecution.
«if AbductionOfMinors is true»(1) A person shall be punished with imprisonment for up to five years or a fine if {Actor} «if {Removes} is true»removes «end if» «if {Withholds} is true»or withholds «end if» 1. {Person} «if [PersonUnder18] is true»under the age of {AgeLimit18} «end if», by means of «if {Violence} is true»violence «end if» «if {ThreatOfSeriousHarm} is true», by threatening them with serious harm «end if» «if {Deceit} is true»or by deceit «end if», or 2. «if [Child] is true»a child «end if», «if {NotARelative} is true»without being a relative of the child «end if», from «if {Parents} is true»the parents «end if» «if {Parent} is true», a parent «end if» «if {Guardian} is true», the guardian «end if» «if {Carer} is true»or the carer «end if». (2) A person shall also be punished {Actor} who 1. «if {Removes} is true»removes «end if» «if [Child] is true»a child «end if» from «if {Parents} is true»the parents «end if» «if {Parent} is true», a parent «end if» «if {Guardian} is true», the guardian «end if» «if {Carer} is true»or the carer «end if» «if {ToTakeAbroad} is true»in order to take the child abroad «end if», or 2. «if {WithholdsAbroad} is true»withholds the child abroad «end if» after «if {TakenThere} is true»it has been taken there «end if» «if {WentThereOfOwnAccord} is true»or has gone there of its own accord «end if». (3) In the cases referred to in paragraph 1(2) and paragraph 2(1), an attempt is punishable. (4) A term of imprisonment of between one and ten years shall be imposed if the offender 1. by the act places the victim in danger of death or serious harm to health or significant impairment of physical or mental development, or 2. commits the offence for remuneration or with the intention of enriching himself or a third party. (5) If the offender causes the death of the victim through the act, the penalty shall be a term of imprisonment of not less than three years. (6) In less serious cases under paragraph 4, the penalty shall be imprisonment for a term of six months to five years; in less serious cases under paragraph 5, the penalty shall be imprisonment for a term of one year to ten years. (7) The abduction of minors shall be prosecuted in the cases referred to in paragraphs 1 to 3 only upon application, unless the prosecuting authority considers it necessary to intervene ex officio on account of the particular public interest in prosecution.«end if»
Annexes
Computables
[PersonUnder18] = PersonAge < AgeLimit18
[Means] = Violence is true or ThreatOfSeriousHarm is true or Deceit is true
[Child] = PersonAge < AgeLimit14
[Para2Leg2] = WithholdsAbroad is true and (TakenThere is true or WentThereOfOwnAccord is true)
[Para2Leg1] = Removes is true and ToTakeAbroad is true
[Leg1] = PersonUnder18 is true and Means is true
[Leg2] = Child is true and NotARelative is true
[Custodians] = Parents is true or Parent is true or Guardian is true or Carer is true
[Para2] = Child is true and Custodians is true and (Para2Leg1 is true or Para2Leg2 is true)
[Para1] = (Removes is true or Withholds is true) and Custodians is true and (Leg1 is true or Leg2 is true)
[AbductionOfMinors] = Para1 is true or Para2 is true
Business rules
| id | kind | actor | verb / predicate | body |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AOM-R01 | act | Actor | Removes is true | |
| AOM-R02 | act | Actor | Withholds is true | |
| AOM-R03 | condition | None | Parents is true | |
| AOM-R04 | condition | None | Parent is true | |
| AOM-R05 | condition | None | Guardian is true | |
| AOM-R06 | condition | None | Carer is true | |
| AOM-R07 | condition | None | Violence is true | |
| AOM-R08 | condition | None | ThreatOfSeriousHarm is true | |
| AOM-R09 | condition | None | Deceit is true | |
| AOM-R10 | condition | None | NotARelative is true | |
| AOM-R11 | condition | None | ToTakeAbroad is true | |
| AOM-R12 | act | Actor | WithholdsAbroad is true | |
| AOM-R13 | condition | None | TakenThere is true | |
| AOM-R14 | condition | None | WentThereOfOwnAccord is true | |
| AOM-R90 | condition | None | the person is under the age of eighteen | PersonUnder18 is true |
| AOM-R91 | condition | None | the person is a child (under fourteen) | Child is true |
| AOM-P0 | prohibition | Actor | not realise | not AbductionOfMinors |
Tatbestand dissected to the Merkmal
| Source phrase | Doctrinal role | Primitive | Rule | Requires |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A person ... if they | Tätersubjekt | {Actor} | — | in scope |
| {Actor} removes {Person} from the custodian | Merkmal | {Removes} | AOM-R01 | is true |
| {Actor} withholds {Person} from the custodian | Merkmal | {Withholds} | AOM-R02 | is true |
| the parents | Merkmal | {Parents} | AOM-R03 | is true |
| a parent | Merkmal | {Parent} | AOM-R04 | is true |
| the guardian | Merkmal | {Guardian} | AOM-R05 | is true |
| the carer | Merkmal | {Carer} | AOM-R06 | is true |
| violence | Merkmal | {Violence} | AOM-R07 | is true |
| the threat of serious harm | Merkmal | {ThreatOfSeriousHarm} | AOM-R08 | is true |
| deceit | Merkmal | {Deceit} | AOM-R09 | is true |
| {Actor} is not a relative of the child | Merkmal | {NotARelative} | AOM-R10 | is true |
| {Person} is to be taken abroad | Merkmal | {ToTakeAbroad} | AOM-R11 | is true |
| {Actor} withholds {Person} abroad | Merkmal | {WithholdsAbroad} | AOM-R12 | is true |
| {Person} has been taken abroad | Merkmal | {TakenThere} | AOM-R13 | is true |
| {Person} has gone abroad of their own accord | Merkmal | {WentThereOfOwnAccord} | AOM-R14 | is true |
| (3) attempt; (4)-(6) aggravations and lesser cases; (7) application requirement | attempt / grading / procedure | — excluded — | — | struck |
Variables appendix
| Variable | Input | Values | Cascade | Surface form (source words) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| {Actor} | Reference | – | Session | any person (the actor) |
| {AgeLimit14} | Number | – | Session | fourteen years |
| {AgeLimit18} | Number | – | Session | eighteen years |
| {Carer} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | the carer |
| {Deceit} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | deceit |
| {Guardian} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | the guardian |
| {NotARelative} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Actor} is not a relative of the child |
| {Parent} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | a parent |
| {Parents} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | the parents |
| {Person} | Party | – | Session | the minor (the victim) |
| {PersonAge} | Number | – | Session | the age of {Person} in years |
| {Removes} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Actor} removes {Person} from the custodian |
| {TakenThere} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Person} has been taken abroad |
| {ThreatOfSeriousHarm} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | the threat of serious harm |
| {ToTakeAbroad} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Person} is to be taken abroad |
| {Violence} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | violence |
| {WentThereOfOwnAccord} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Person} has gone abroad of their own accord |
| {Withholds} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Actor} withholds {Person} from the custodian |
| {WithholdsAbroad} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Actor} withholds {Person} abroad |
Reconstruction from the substrate
Committed by any person (the actor) who: (({Actor} removes {Person} from the custodian or {Actor} withholds {Person} from the custodian) and (the parents or a parent or the guardian or the carer) and (((PersonAge < AgeLimit18) and (violence or the threat of serious harm or deceit)) or ((PersonAge < AgeLimit14) and {Actor} is not a relative of the child))) or ((PersonAge < AgeLimit14) and (the parents or a parent or the guardian or the carer) and (({Actor} removes {Person} from the custodian and {Person} is to be taken abroad) or ({Actor} withholds {Person} abroad and ({Person} has been taken abroad or {Person} has gone abroad of their own accord)))).
Assembled only from the variable surface forms (including the actor) and the computable structure carried in the XSD, not from the source column. It should read as the offence. This is the recoverability test: the law is reverse-derivable from the substrate.
Dependent assessments (reactive invalidation)
| Assessment | Depends on | Invalidation | Trigger effect |
|---|---|---|---|
| [PersonUnder18] | PersonAge, AgeLimit18 | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [Means] | Violence, ThreatOfSeriousHarm, Deceit | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [Child] | PersonAge, AgeLimit14 | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [Para2Leg2] | WithholdsAbroad, TakenThere, WentThereOfOwnAccord | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [Para2Leg1] | Removes, ToTakeAbroad | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [Leg1] | PersonUnder18, Means | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [Leg2] | Child, NotARelative | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [Custodians] | Parents, Parent, Guardian, Carer | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [Para2] | Child, Custodians, Para2Leg1, Para2Leg2 | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [Para1] | Removes, Withholds, Custodians, Leg1, Leg2 | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [AbductionOfMinors] | Para1, Para2 | false | Final composite. Re-evaluates on any input change; cannot resolve true while any input is unknown. |
| prohibition (AOM-P0) | [AbductionOfMinors] | re-derives | The PrimeRule prohibition holds whenever the composite is true; re-derives on any change. |
Decision tree
PHASE 1: gather inputs (Session)
├─ {Actor}
├─ {AgeLimit14}
├─ {AgeLimit18}
├─ {Carer}
├─ {Deceit}
├─ {Guardian}
├─ {NotARelative}
├─ {Parent}
├─ {Parents}
├─ {Person}
├─ {PersonAge}
├─ {Removes}
├─ {TakenThere}
├─ {ThreatOfSeriousHarm}
├─ {ToTakeAbroad}
├─ {Violence}
├─ {WentThereOfOwnAccord}
├─ {Withholds}
├─ {WithholdsAbroad}
↓
PHASE 2: evaluate act / intermediate computables
├─ [PersonUnder18] = PersonAge < AgeLimit18
├─ [Means] = Violence is true or ThreatOfSeriousHarm is true or Deceit is true
├─ [Child] = PersonAge < AgeLimit14
├─ [Para2Leg2] = WithholdsAbroad is true and (TakenThere is true or WentThereOfOwnAccord is true)
├─ [Para2Leg1] = Removes is true and ToTakeAbroad is true
├─ [Leg1] = PersonUnder18 is true and Means is true
├─ [Leg2] = Child is true and NotARelative is true
├─ [Custodians] = Parents is true or Parent is true or Guardian is true or Carer is true
├─ [Para2] = Child is true and Custodians is true and (Para2Leg1 is true or Para2Leg2 is true)
├─ [Para1] = (Removes is true or Withholds is true) and Custodians is true and (Leg1 is true or Leg2 is true)
↓
PHASE 3: evaluate the objective conditions
└─ [AbductionOfMinors] = Para1 is true or Para2 is true
↓
VERDICT (PrimeRule)
├─ [AbductionOfMinors] is true → objective conditions realised → conduct PROHIBITED (subject to permissions / exceptions)
└─ [AbductionOfMinors] is false → not realised
Recursion / re-entry notes
No runtime re-entry. The operome is a single forward evaluation: inputs → act computable(s) → Tatbestand composite → prohibition verdict. Attempt and preparation, where the section provides for them, are separate operomes, not re-entries.
Circularity check
• [AbductionOfMinors] depends on [PersonUnder18], [Means], [Child], [Para2Leg2], [Para2Leg1], [Leg1], [Leg2], [Custodians], [Para2], [Para1]; none refer back to [AbductionOfMinors]. No definitional cycle.
• Each computable reduces to input Booleans; the graph is a DAG and topologically sortable. Tristate is monotone: any unknown input holds the composite at unknown rather than forcing a verdict.
Questionnaire
| # | Cascade | Variable | Question / prompt | Input |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q1 | Session | {Actor} | Who or what is the actor? Any natural person, legal person, or non-human system. Canonical home: PrimeRule.? | Reference |
| Q2 | Session | {AgeLimit14} | Element/Datum: fourteen years.? | Number |
| Q3 | Session | {AgeLimit18} | Element/Datum: eighteen years.? | Number |
| Q4 | Session | {Carer} | Element/Datum: the carer.? | Boolean |
| Q5 | Session | {Deceit} | Element/Datum: deceit.? | Boolean |
| Q6 | Session | {Guardian} | Element/Datum: the guardian.? | Boolean |
| Q7 | Session | {NotARelative} | Element/Datum: {Actor} is not a relative of the child.? | Boolean |
| Q8 | Session | {Parent} | Element/Datum: a parent.? | Boolean |
| Q9 | Session | {Parents} | Element/Datum: the parents.? | Boolean |
| Q10 | Session | {Person} | Element/Datum: the minor (the victim).? | Party |
| Q11 | Session | {PersonAge} | Element/Datum: the age of {Person} in years.? | Number |
| Q12 | Session | {Removes} | Element/Datum: {Actor} removes {Person} from the custodian.? | Boolean |
| Q13 | Session | {TakenThere} | Element/Datum: {Person} has been taken abroad.? | Boolean |
| Q14 | Session | {ThreatOfSeriousHarm} | Element/Datum: the threat of serious harm.? | Boolean |
| Q15 | Session | {ToTakeAbroad} | Element/Datum: {Person} is to be taken abroad.? | Boolean |
| Q16 | Session | {Violence} | Element/Datum: violence.? | Boolean |
| Q17 | Session | {WentThereOfOwnAccord} | Element/Datum: {Person} has gone abroad of their own accord.? | Boolean |
| Q18 | Session | {Withholds} | Element/Datum: {Actor} withholds {Person} from the custodian.? | Boolean |
| Q19 | Session | {WithholdsAbroad} | Element/Datum: {Actor} withholds {Person} abroad.? | Boolean |
Flags
Scope Paragraphs 1 and 2: the removal and withholding offence in its means-based and non-relative variants, and the cross-border variant with its two legs. Struck per the marked-up source: (3) attempt, (4) to (6) aggravations and lesser cases, (7) the application requirement.
Translation note The draft English layer of (1) is scrambled: in the German the verbs “entzieht oder vorenthält” stand once at the end and govern both numbered legs, and the custodian list attaches to the verbs, not to leg 2 alone. The source column is arranged so the verbs and the custodian objects govern both legs.
Sanctions phrase struck per standing rule, unmarked in the source (deliberate) “Ebenso wird bestraft” at the head of (2) carries no strike in the markup, while every parallel occurrence (§180a, §182, §184e) is struck. The standing rule that sanctions phrases are always struck is applied; the phrase is struck in the markup and the unmarked deviation is recorded here.
Child term “ein Kind” in legs 1(2) and (2) is the Code-wide child concept; [Child] = {PersonAge} < {AgeLimit14}, the threshold authored in §176 and §184b, resolving by name; leg 1(1) uses [PersonUnder18].
Purpose leg retained (2)(1)'s “um es in das Ausland zu verbringen” is live per the Operomise tag, encoded as the prospective {ToTakeAbroad} per the §232 pattern.
Treatment §235 is Operomise-tagged.
Source (English, unofficial)
Operome markup - original text encoded
(1) Any person who, through gross neglect of their duty of care or upbringing, permanently places their child under the age of eighteen, or their ward or foster child under the age of eighteen, in the care of another, and in so doing acts for remuneration or with the intention of enriching themselves or a third party, shall be punished with imprisonment for a term of up to five years or a fine. A person shall likewise be punished who, in the cases referred to in the first sentence, takes the child, ward or foster child into their care on a permanent basis and grants remuneration for doing so. (2) Any person who, without authorisation, 1. arranges the adoption of a person under the age of eighteen, or 2. carries out a mediation activity with the aim of a third party taking a person under the age of eighteen into their care on a permanent basis, and in doing so acts for remuneration or with the intention of enriching themselves or a third party, shall be punished with imprisonment for up to three years or a fine. A person who, as an intermediary in the adoption of a person under the age of eighteen, grants remuneration to a person for the granting of the necessary consent to the adoption shall be punished in the same way. If, in the cases referred to in the first sentence, the offender causes the person being placed to be taken to Germany or abroad, the penalty shall be imprisonment for up to five years or a fine. (3) An attempt is punishable. (4) A term of imprisonment of between six months and ten years shall be imposed if the offender 1. acts out of greed, on a commercial basis or as a member of a gang which has formed for the purpose of continuously engaging in child trafficking, or 2. by the act exposes the child or the person being trafficked to the risk of significant harm to their physical or mental development. (5) In the cases referred to in paragraphs 1 and 3, the court may, at its discretion, reduce the penalty (Section 49(2)) or refrain from imposing a penalty under paragraphs 1 to 3 in respect of those involved; and in the cases referred to in paragraphs 2 and 3, in respect of participants whose culpability is minor, taking into account the physical or mental well-being of the child or the person procured.
«if ChildTrafficking is true»(1) {Actor} who, «if {GrossNeglect} is true»through gross neglect of their duty of «if {DutyOfCare} is true»care «end if» «if {DutyOfUpbringing} is true»or upbringing «end if» «end if», «if {PermanentlyPlaces} is true»permanently places «end if» «if {OwnChild} is true»their child «end if» «if [PersonUnder18] is true»under the age of {AgeLimit18} «end if» «if {Ward} is true», or their ward «end if» «if {FosterChild} is true»or foster child «end if» «if [PersonUnder18] is true»under the age of {AgeLimit18} «end if» in the care of another, and in so doing acts «if {ForRemuneration} is true»for remuneration «end if» or «if {ActsWithEnrichmentIntention} is true»with the intention of enriching «if {EnrichSelf} is true»themselves «end if» «if {EnrichThirdParty} is true»or a third party «end if» «end if», shall be punished with imprisonment for a term of up to five years or a fine. A person shall likewise be punished {Actor} who, «if {CaseUnderSentence1} is true»in the cases referred to in the first sentence «end if», «if {TakesIntoCarePermanently} is true»takes the child, ward or foster child into their care on a permanent basis «end if» and «if {GrantsRemuneration} is true»grants remuneration for doing so «end if». (2) {Actor} who, {WithoutAuthorisation} without authorisation, 1. «if {ArrangesAdoption} is true»arranges the adoption of {Person} «end if» «if [PersonUnder18] is true»under the age of {AgeLimit18} «end if», or 2. «if {CarriesOutMediation} is true»carries out a mediation activity «end if» «if {AimThirdPartyTakesIn} is true»with the aim of a third party taking {Person} under the age of {AgeLimit18} into their care on a permanent basis «end if», and in doing so acts «if {ForRemuneration} is true»for remuneration «end if» or «if {ActsWithEnrichmentIntention} is true»with the intention of enriching «if {EnrichSelf} is true»themselves «end if» «if {EnrichThirdParty} is true»or a third party «end if» «end if», shall be punished with imprisonment for up to three years or a fine. Shall be punished in the same way {Actor} who, «if {AsAdoptionIntermediary} is true»as an intermediary in the adoption of {Person} under the age of {AgeLimit18} «end if», «if {GrantsRemunerationForConsent} is true»grants remuneration to a person for the granting of the necessary consent to the adoption «end if». If, in the cases referred to in the first sentence, the offender causes the person being placed to be taken to Germany or abroad, the penalty shall be imprisonment for up to five years or a fine. (3) An attempt is punishable. (4) A term of imprisonment of between six months and ten years shall be imposed if the offender 1. acts out of greed, on a commercial basis or as a member of a gang which has formed for the purpose of continuously engaging in child trafficking, or 2. by the act exposes the child or the person being trafficked to the risk of significant harm to their physical or mental development. (5) In the cases referred to in paragraphs 1 and 3, the court may, at its discretion, reduce the penalty (Section 49(2)) or refrain from imposing a penalty under paragraphs 1 to 3 in respect of those involved; and in the cases referred to in paragraphs 2 and 3, in respect of participants whose culpability is minor, taking into account the physical or mental well-being of the child or the person procured.«end if»
Annexes
Computables
[VictimRelation] = OwnChild is true or Ward is true or FosterChild is true
[PersonUnder18] = PersonAge < AgeLimit18
[Para2Leg1] = ArrangesAdoption is true and PersonUnder18 is true
[Para2S2] = PersonUnder18 is true and AsAdoptionIntermediary is true and GrantsRemunerationForConsent is true
[NeglectedDuty] = GrossNeglect is true and (DutyOfCare is true or DutyOfUpbringing is true)
[Para2Leg2] = CarriesOutMediation is true and AimThirdPartyTakesIn is true and PersonUnder18 is true
[GainTail] = ForRemuneration is true or (ActsWithEnrichmentIntention is true and (EnrichSelf is true or EnrichThirdParty is true))
[Para2S1] = WithoutAuthorisation is true and (Para2Leg1 is true or Para2Leg2 is true) and GainTail is true
[Para1S1] = PersonUnder18 is true and VictimRelation is true and NeglectedDuty is true and PermanentlyPlaces is true and GainTail is true
[Para1S2] = CaseUnderSentence1 is true and TakesIntoCarePermanently is true and GrantsRemuneration is true
[ChildTrafficking] = Para1S1 is true or Para1S2 is true or Para2S1 is true or Para2S2 is true
Business rules
| id | kind | actor | verb / predicate | body |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CTR-R01 | condition | None | OwnChild is true | |
| CTR-R02 | condition | None | Ward is true | |
| CTR-R03 | condition | None | FosterChild is true | |
| CTR-R04 | act | Actor | GrossNeglect is true | |
| CTR-R05 | condition | None | DutyOfCare is true | |
| CTR-R06 | condition | None | DutyOfUpbringing is true | |
| CTR-R07 | act | Actor | PermanentlyPlaces is true | |
| CTR-R08 | condition | None | ForRemuneration is true | |
| CTR-R09 | act | Actor | ActsWithEnrichmentIntention is true | |
| CTR-R10 | condition | None | EnrichSelf is true | |
| CTR-R11 | condition | None | EnrichThirdParty is true | |
| CTR-R12 | condition | None | CaseUnderSentence1 is true | |
| CTR-R13 | act | Actor | TakesIntoCarePermanently is true | |
| CTR-R14 | act | Actor | GrantsRemuneration is true | |
| CTR-R15 | condition | None | WithoutAuthorisation is true | |
| CTR-R16 | act | Actor | ArrangesAdoption is true | |
| CTR-R17 | act | Actor | CarriesOutMediation is true | |
| CTR-R18 | condition | None | AimThirdPartyTakesIn is true | |
| CTR-R19 | act | Actor | AsAdoptionIntermediary is true | |
| CTR-R20 | act | Actor | GrantsRemunerationForConsent is true | |
| CTR-R90 | condition | None | the person is under the age of eighteen | PersonUnder18 is true |
| CTR-P0 | prohibition | Actor | not realise | not ChildTrafficking |
Tatbestand dissected to the Merkmal
| Source phrase | Doctrinal role | Primitive | Rule | Requires |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Any person who | Tätersubjekt | {Actor} | — | in scope |
| {Person} is {Actor}'s child | Merkmal | {OwnChild} | CTR-R01 | is true |
| {Person} is {Actor}'s ward | Merkmal | {Ward} | CTR-R02 | is true |
| {Person} is {Actor}'s foster child | Merkmal | {FosterChild} | CTR-R03 | is true |
| {Actor} grossly neglects the duty | Merkmal | {GrossNeglect} | CTR-R04 | is true |
| the duty of care | Merkmal | {DutyOfCare} | CTR-R05 | is true |
| the duty of upbringing | Merkmal | {DutyOfUpbringing} | CTR-R06 | is true |
| {Actor} permanently places {Person} in the care of another | Merkmal | {PermanentlyPlaces} | CTR-R07 | is true |
| for remuneration | Merkmal | {ForRemuneration} | CTR-R08 | is true |
| {Actor} acts with the intention of enrichment | Merkmal | {ActsWithEnrichmentIntention} | CTR-R09 | is true |
| {Actor} is to be enriched | Merkmal | {EnrichSelf} | CTR-R10 | is true |
| a third party is to be enriched | Merkmal | {EnrichThirdParty} | CTR-R11 | is true |
| the case is one referred to in the first sentence | Merkmal | {CaseUnderSentence1} | CTR-R12 | is true |
| {Actor} takes {Person} into their care on a permanent basis | Merkmal | {TakesIntoCarePermanently} | CTR-R13 | is true |
| {Actor} grants remuneration for doing so | Merkmal | {GrantsRemuneration} | CTR-R14 | is true |
| without authorisation | Merkmal | {WithoutAuthorisation} | CTR-R15 | is true |
| {Actor} arranges the adoption of {Person} | Merkmal | {ArrangesAdoption} | CTR-R16 | is true |
| {Actor} carries out a mediation activity | Merkmal | {CarriesOutMediation} | CTR-R17 | is true |
| the activity has the aim that a third party takes {Person} into their care on a permanent basis | Merkmal | {AimThirdPartyTakesIn} | CTR-R18 | is true |
| {Actor} acts as an intermediary in the adoption of {Person} | Merkmal | {AsAdoptionIntermediary} | CTR-R19 | is true |
| {Actor} grants a person remuneration for the granting of the necessary consent to the adoption | Merkmal | {GrantsRemunerationForConsent} | CTR-R20 | is true |
| (2) s.3 cross-border aggravation; (3) attempt; (4) aggravations; (5) judicial discretion | grading / attempt / judicial | — excluded — | — | struck |
Variables appendix
| Variable | Input | Values | Cascade | Surface form (source words) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| {Actor} | Reference | – | Session | any person (the actor) |
| {ActsWithEnrichmentIntention} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Actor} acts with the intention of enrichment |
| {AgeLimit18} | Number | – | Session | eighteen years |
| {AimThirdPartyTakesIn} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | the activity has the aim that a third party takes {Person} into their care on a permanent basis |
| {ArrangesAdoption} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Actor} arranges the adoption of {Person} |
| {AsAdoptionIntermediary} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Actor} acts as an intermediary in the adoption of {Person} |
| {CarriesOutMediation} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Actor} carries out a mediation activity |
| {CaseUnderSentence1} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | the case is one referred to in the first sentence |
| {DutyOfCare} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | the duty of care |
| {DutyOfUpbringing} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | the duty of upbringing |
| {EnrichSelf} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Actor} is to be enriched |
| {EnrichThirdParty} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | a third party is to be enriched |
| {ForRemuneration} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | for remuneration |
| {FosterChild} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Person} is {Actor}'s foster child |
| {GrantsRemuneration} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Actor} grants remuneration for doing so |
| {GrantsRemunerationForConsent} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Actor} grants a person remuneration for the granting of the necessary consent to the adoption |
| {GrossNeglect} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Actor} grossly neglects the duty |
| {OwnChild} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Person} is {Actor}'s child |
| {PermanentlyPlaces} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Actor} permanently places {Person} in the care of another |
| {Person} | Party | – | Session | the minor (the victim) |
| {PersonAge} | Number | – | Session | the age of {Person} in years |
| {TakesIntoCarePermanently} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Actor} takes {Person} into their care on a permanent basis |
| {Ward} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Person} is {Actor}'s ward |
| {WithoutAuthorisation} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | without authorisation |
Reconstruction from the substrate
Committed by any person (the actor) who: ((PersonAge < AgeLimit18) and ({Person} is {Actor}'s child or {Person} is {Actor}'s ward or {Person} is {Actor}'s foster child) and ({Actor} grossly neglects the duty and (the duty of care or the duty of upbringing)) and {Actor} permanently places {Person} in the care of another and (for remuneration or ({Actor} acts with the intention of enrichment and ({Actor} is to be enriched or a third party is to be enriched)))) or (the case is one referred to in the first sentence and {Actor} takes {Person} into their care on a permanent basis and {Actor} grants remuneration for doing so) or (without authorisation and (({Actor} arranges the adoption of {Person} and (PersonAge < AgeLimit18)) or ({Actor} carries out a mediation activity and the activity has the aim that a third party takes {Person} into their care on a permanent basis and (PersonAge < AgeLimit18))) and (for remuneration or ({Actor} acts with the intention of enrichment and ({Actor} is to be enriched or a third party is to be enriched)))) or ((PersonAge < AgeLimit18) and {Actor} acts as an intermediary in the adoption of {Person} and {Actor} grants a person remuneration for the granting of the necessary consent to the adoption).
Assembled only from the variable surface forms (including the actor) and the computable structure carried in the XSD, not from the source column. It should read as the offence. This is the recoverability test: the law is reverse-derivable from the substrate.
Dependent assessments (reactive invalidation)
| Assessment | Depends on | Invalidation | Trigger effect |
|---|---|---|---|
| [VictimRelation] | OwnChild, Ward, FosterChild | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [PersonUnder18] | PersonAge, AgeLimit18 | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [Para2Leg1] | ArrangesAdoption, PersonUnder18 | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [Para2S2] | PersonUnder18, AsAdoptionIntermediary, GrantsRemunerationForConsent | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [NeglectedDuty] | GrossNeglect, DutyOfCare, DutyOfUpbringing | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [Para2Leg2] | CarriesOutMediation, AimThirdPartyTakesIn, PersonUnder18 | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [GainTail] | ForRemuneration, ActsWithEnrichmentIntention, EnrichSelf, EnrichThirdParty | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [Para2S1] | WithoutAuthorisation, Para2Leg1, Para2Leg2, GainTail | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [Para1S1] | PersonUnder18, VictimRelation, NeglectedDuty, PermanentlyPlaces, GainTail | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [Para1S2] | CaseUnderSentence1, TakesIntoCarePermanently, GrantsRemuneration | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [ChildTrafficking] | Para1S1, Para1S2, Para2S1, Para2S2 | false | Final composite. Re-evaluates on any input change; cannot resolve true while any input is unknown. |
| prohibition (CTR-P0) | [ChildTrafficking] | re-derives | The PrimeRule prohibition holds whenever the composite is true; re-derives on any change. |
Decision tree
PHASE 1: gather inputs (Session)
├─ {Actor}
├─ {ActsWithEnrichmentIntention}
├─ {AgeLimit18}
├─ {AimThirdPartyTakesIn}
├─ {ArrangesAdoption}
├─ {AsAdoptionIntermediary}
├─ {CarriesOutMediation}
├─ {CaseUnderSentence1}
├─ {DutyOfCare}
├─ {DutyOfUpbringing}
├─ {EnrichSelf}
├─ {EnrichThirdParty}
├─ {ForRemuneration}
├─ {FosterChild}
├─ {GrantsRemuneration}
├─ {GrantsRemunerationForConsent}
├─ {GrossNeglect}
├─ {OwnChild}
├─ {PermanentlyPlaces}
├─ {Person}
├─ {PersonAge}
├─ {TakesIntoCarePermanently}
├─ {Ward}
├─ {WithoutAuthorisation}
↓
PHASE 2: evaluate act / intermediate computables
├─ [VictimRelation] = OwnChild is true or Ward is true or FosterChild is true
├─ [PersonUnder18] = PersonAge < AgeLimit18
├─ [Para2Leg1] = ArrangesAdoption is true and PersonUnder18 is true
├─ [Para2S2] = PersonUnder18 is true and AsAdoptionIntermediary is true and GrantsRemunerationForConsent is true
├─ [NeglectedDuty] = GrossNeglect is true and (DutyOfCare is true or DutyOfUpbringing is true)
├─ [Para2Leg2] = CarriesOutMediation is true and AimThirdPartyTakesIn is true and PersonUnder18 is true
├─ [GainTail] = ForRemuneration is true or (ActsWithEnrichmentIntention is true and (EnrichSelf is true or EnrichThirdParty is true))
├─ [Para2S1] = WithoutAuthorisation is true and (Para2Leg1 is true or Para2Leg2 is true) and GainTail is true
├─ [Para1S1] = PersonUnder18 is true and VictimRelation is true and NeglectedDuty is true and PermanentlyPlaces is true and GainTail is true
├─ [Para1S2] = CaseUnderSentence1 is true and TakesIntoCarePermanently is true and GrantsRemuneration is true
↓
PHASE 3: evaluate the objective conditions
└─ [ChildTrafficking] = Para1S1 is true or Para1S2 is true or Para2S1 is true or Para2S2 is true
↓
VERDICT (PrimeRule)
├─ [ChildTrafficking] is true → objective conditions realised → conduct PROHIBITED (subject to permissions / exceptions)
└─ [ChildTrafficking] is false → not realised
Recursion / re-entry notes
No runtime re-entry. The operome is a single forward evaluation: inputs → act computable(s) → Tatbestand composite → prohibition verdict. Attempt and preparation, where the section provides for them, are separate operomes, not re-entries.
Circularity check
• [ChildTrafficking] depends on [VictimRelation], [PersonUnder18], [Para2Leg1], [Para2S2], [NeglectedDuty], [Para2Leg2], [GainTail], [Para2S1], [Para1S1], [Para1S2]; none refer back to [ChildTrafficking]. No definitional cycle.
• Each computable reduces to input Booleans; the graph is a DAG and topologically sortable. Tristate is monotone: any unknown input holds the composite at unknown rather than forcing a verdict.
Questionnaire
| # | Cascade | Variable | Question / prompt | Input |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q1 | Session | {Actor} | Who or what is the actor? Any natural person, legal person, or non-human system. Canonical home: PrimeRule.? | Reference |
| Q2 | Session | {ActsWithEnrichmentIntention} | Element/Datum: {Actor} acts with the intention of enrichment.? | Boolean |
| Q3 | Session | {AgeLimit18} | Element/Datum: eighteen years.? | Number |
| Q4 | Session | {AimThirdPartyTakesIn} | Element/Datum: the activity has the aim that a third party takes {Person} into their care on a permanent basis.? | Boolean |
| Q5 | Session | {ArrangesAdoption} | Element/Datum: {Actor} arranges the adoption of {Person}.? | Boolean |
| Q6 | Session | {AsAdoptionIntermediary} | Element/Datum: {Actor} acts as an intermediary in the adoption of {Person}.? | Boolean |
| Q7 | Session | {CarriesOutMediation} | Element/Datum: {Actor} carries out a mediation activity.? | Boolean |
| Q8 | Session | {CaseUnderSentence1} | Element/Datum: the case is one referred to in the first sentence.? | Boolean |
| Q9 | Session | {DutyOfCare} | Element/Datum: the duty of care.? | Boolean |
| Q10 | Session | {DutyOfUpbringing} | Element/Datum: the duty of upbringing.? | Boolean |
| Q11 | Session | {EnrichSelf} | Element/Datum: {Actor} is to be enriched.? | Boolean |
| Q12 | Session | {EnrichThirdParty} | Element/Datum: a third party is to be enriched.? | Boolean |
| Q13 | Session | {ForRemuneration} | Element/Datum: for remuneration.? | Boolean |
| Q14 | Session | {FosterChild} | Element/Datum: {Person} is {Actor}'s foster child.? | Boolean |
| Q15 | Session | {GrantsRemuneration} | Element/Datum: {Actor} grants remuneration for doing so.? | Boolean |
| Q16 | Session | {GrantsRemunerationForConsent} | Element/Datum: {Actor} grants a person remuneration for the granting of the necessary consent to the adoption.? | Boolean |
| Q17 | Session | {GrossNeglect} | Element/Datum: {Actor} grossly neglects the duty.? | Boolean |
| Q18 | Session | {OwnChild} | Element/Datum: {Person} is {Actor}'s child.? | Boolean |
| Q19 | Session | {PermanentlyPlaces} | Element/Datum: {Actor} permanently places {Person} in the care of another.? | Boolean |
| Q20 | Session | {Person} | Element/Datum: the minor (the victim).? | Party |
| Q21 | Session | {PersonAge} | Element/Datum: the age of {Person} in years.? | Number |
| Q22 | Session | {TakesIntoCarePermanently} | Element/Datum: {Actor} takes {Person} into their care on a permanent basis.? | Boolean |
| Q23 | Session | {Ward} | Element/Datum: {Person} is {Actor}'s ward.? | Boolean |
| Q24 | Session | {WithoutAuthorisation} | Element/Datum: without authorisation.? | Boolean |
Flags
Scope Paragraph 1 sentences 1 and 2 (the giver and receiver variants) and paragraph 2 sentences 1 and 2 (the unauthorised mediation legs and the consent-payment variant) encoded. Struck per the marked-up source: (2) sentence 3 (the cross-border aggravation), (3) attempt, (4) aggravations, (5) the judicial discretion.
Enrichment intention retained (deliberate) “in der Absicht ... sich oder einen Dritten zu bereichern” is a mental element live in the markup, consistent with the Operomise tag and the §176b precedent: {ActsWithEnrichmentIntention} spans the coordinated objects {EnrichSelf} and {EnrichThirdParty}, disjoined with {ForRemuneration} in the shared [GainTail].
Receiver variant anchored by reference Sentence 2's “in den Fällen des Satzes 1” is carried as {CaseUnderSentence1}, a status predicate resolving against [Para1S1] by name; the receiver's own conduct is {TakesIntoCarePermanently} and {GrantsRemuneration}.
Translation note The draft English layer of (1) sentence 2 reads “receives remuneration”; the German “dafür ein Entgelt gewährt” is grants (pays) remuneration: the receiver of the child pays the giver. Rendered as “grants remuneration for doing so” and bound accordingly.
Sanctions phrases Both “Ebenso wird bestraft” occurrences struck inside the penalty strike runs; consistent with the standing rule.
Treatment §236 is Operomise-tagged.
Source (English, unofficial)
Operome markup - original text encoded
(1) Any person who unlawfully compels another person to enter into marriage by means of violence or by threatening them with serious harm shall be punished with imprisonment for a term of six months to five years. The act is unlawful if the use of violence or the threat of harm is to be regarded as reprehensible in view of the intended purpose. (2) A person shall likewise be punished who, for the purpose of committing an offence under paragraph 1, uses force, threats of serious harm or deceit to take a person to an area outside the territorial scope of this Act, or causes them to go there, or prevents them from returning from there. (3) An attempt is punishable. (4) In less serious cases, the penalty shall be imprisonment for up to three years or a fine.
«if ForcedMarriage is true»(1) {Actor} who {Unlawfully} unlawfully «if {Compels} is true»compels {Person} «end if» «if {ToEnterIntoMarriage} is true»to enter into marriage «end if» by means of «if {Violence} is true»violence «end if» «if {ThreatOfSeriousHarm} is true»or by threatening them with serious harm «end if» shall be punished with imprisonment for a term of six months to five years. The act is unlawful if the use of violence or the threat of harm is to be regarded as reprehensible in view of the intended purpose. (2) A person shall likewise be punished who, for the purpose of committing an offence under paragraph 1, uses force, threats of serious harm or deceit to take a person to an area outside the territorial scope of this Act, or causes them to go there, or prevents them from returning from there. (3) An attempt is punishable. (4) In less serious cases, the penalty shall be imprisonment for up to three years or a fine.«end if»
Annexes
Computables
[Means] = Violence is true or ThreatOfSeriousHarm is true
[ForcedMarriage] = Compels is true and Unlawfully is true and Means is true and ToEnterIntoMarriage is true
Business rules
| id | kind | actor | verb / predicate | body |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FMR-R01 | act | Actor | Compels is true | |
| FMR-R02 | condition | None | Unlawfully is true | |
| FMR-R03 | condition | None | Violence is true | |
| FMR-R04 | condition | None | ThreatOfSeriousHarm is true | |
| FMR-R05 | condition | None | ToEnterIntoMarriage is true | |
| FMR-P0 | prohibition | Actor | not realise | not ForcedMarriage |
Tatbestand dissected to the Merkmal
| Source phrase | Doctrinal role | Primitive | Rule | Requires |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Any person who | Tätersubjekt | {Actor} | — | in scope |
| {Actor} compels {Person} | Merkmal | {Compels} | FMR-R01 | is true |
| unlawfully | Merkmal | {Unlawfully} | FMR-R02 | is true |
| violence | Merkmal | {Violence} | FMR-R03 | is true |
| the threat of serious harm | Merkmal | {ThreatOfSeriousHarm} | FMR-R04 | is true |
| {Person} is to enter into marriage | Merkmal | {ToEnterIntoMarriage} | FMR-R05 | is true |
| (1) s.2 reprehensibility definition; (2) cross-border preparatory variant; (3) attempt; (4) lesser cases | evaluative definition / variant / attempt / grading | — excluded — | — | struck |
Variables appendix
| Variable | Input | Values | Cascade | Surface form (source words) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| {Actor} | Reference | – | Session | any person (the actor) |
| {Compels} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Actor} compels {Person} |
| {Person} | Party | – | Session | the compelled person (the victim) |
| {ThreatOfSeriousHarm} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | the threat of serious harm |
| {ToEnterIntoMarriage} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Person} is to enter into marriage |
| {Unlawfully} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | unlawfully |
| {Violence} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | violence |
Reconstruction from the substrate
Committed by any person (the actor) who: {Actor} compels {Person} and unlawfully and (violence or the threat of serious harm) and {Person} is to enter into marriage.
Assembled only from the variable surface forms (including the actor) and the computable structure carried in the XSD, not from the source column. It should read as the offence. This is the recoverability test: the law is reverse-derivable from the substrate.
Dependent assessments (reactive invalidation)
| Assessment | Depends on | Invalidation | Trigger effect |
|---|---|---|---|
| [Means] | Violence, ThreatOfSeriousHarm | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [ForcedMarriage] | Compels, Unlawfully, Means, ToEnterIntoMarriage | false | Final composite. Re-evaluates on any input change; cannot resolve true while any input is unknown. |
| prohibition (FMR-P0) | [ForcedMarriage] | re-derives | The PrimeRule prohibition holds whenever the composite is true; re-derives on any change. |
Decision tree
PHASE 1: gather inputs (Session)
├─ {Actor}
├─ {Compels}
├─ {Person}
├─ {ThreatOfSeriousHarm}
├─ {ToEnterIntoMarriage}
├─ {Unlawfully}
├─ {Violence}
↓
PHASE 2: evaluate act / intermediate computables
├─ [Means] = Violence is true or ThreatOfSeriousHarm is true
↓
PHASE 3: evaluate the objective conditions
└─ [ForcedMarriage] = Compels is true and Unlawfully is true and Means is true and ToEnterIntoMarriage is true
↓
VERDICT (PrimeRule)
├─ [ForcedMarriage] is true → objective conditions realised → conduct PROHIBITED (subject to permissions / exceptions)
└─ [ForcedMarriage] is false → not realised
Recursion / re-entry notes
No runtime re-entry. The operome is a single forward evaluation: inputs → act computable(s) → Tatbestand composite → prohibition verdict. Attempt and preparation, where the section provides for them, are separate operomes, not re-entries.
Circularity check
• [ForcedMarriage] depends on [Means]; none refer back to [ForcedMarriage]. No definitional cycle.
• Each computable reduces to input Booleans; the graph is a DAG and topologically sortable. Tristate is monotone: any unknown input holds the composite at unknown rather than forcing a verdict.
Questionnaire
| # | Cascade | Variable | Question / prompt | Input |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q1 | Session | {Actor} | Who or what is the actor? Any natural person, legal person, or non-human system. Canonical home: PrimeRule.? | Reference |
| Q2 | Session | {Compels} | Element/Datum: {Actor} compels {Person}.? | Boolean |
| Q3 | Session | {Person} | Element/Datum: the compelled person (the victim).? | Party |
| Q4 | Session | {ThreatOfSeriousHarm} | Element/Datum: the threat of serious harm.? | Boolean |
| Q5 | Session | {ToEnterIntoMarriage} | Element/Datum: {Person} is to enter into marriage.? | Boolean |
| Q6 | Session | {Unlawfully} | Element/Datum: unlawfully.? | Boolean |
| Q7 | Session | {Violence} | Element/Datum: violence.? | Boolean |
Flags
Scope Paragraph 1 sentence 1 only: the compulsion offence with its two-means triad and the marriage object. Struck per the marked-up source: (1) sentence 2 (the reprehensibility definition of unlawfulness), (2) the cross-border preparatory variant whole, (3) attempt, (4) lesser cases.
Unlawfulness stands undefined (deliberate) The markup strikes the Verwerflichkeit definition (sentence 2) while retaining “rechtswidrig” in sentence 1. {Unlawfully} therefore stands as an undefined qualifier: the substrate records it as a required input and the reprehensibility assessment that would resolve it escalates to a human. This is the same posture §240(2) will take if its parallel clause is struck.
Means pair §237's triad is two-membered (violence, threat of serious harm); deceit appears only in the struck (2). The variables carry the title-wide Merkmal names.
Treatment §237 is Operomise-tagged.
Source (English, unofficial)
Operome markup - original text encoded
(1) Anyone who confines a person or otherwise deprives them of their liberty shall be liable to imprisonment for a term not exceeding five years or to a fine. (2) An attempt to commit this offence is punishable. (3) A term of imprisonment of between one and ten years shall be imposed if the offender 1. deprives the victim of their liberty for more than one week, or 2. causes serious harm to the victim’s health through the offence or an act committed during the offence. (4) If the offender causes the death of the victim through the offence or an act committed during the offence, the penalty shall be a term of imprisonment of not less than three years. (5) In less serious cases under paragraph 3, the penalty shall be imprisonment for a term of six months to five years; in less serious cases under paragraph 4, the penalty shall be imprisonment for a term of one year to ten years.
«if FalseImprisonment is true»(1) {Actor} who «if {Confines} is true»confines {Person} «end if» «if {OtherwiseDeprivesOfLiberty} is true»or otherwise deprives {Person} of their liberty «end if» shall be liable to imprisonment for a term not exceeding five years or to a fine. (2) An attempt to commit this offence is punishable. (3) A term of imprisonment of between one and ten years shall be imposed if the offender 1. deprives the victim of their liberty for more than one week, or 2. causes serious harm to the victim's health through the offence or an act committed during the offence. (4) If the offender causes the death of the victim through the offence or an act committed during the offence, the penalty shall be a term of imprisonment of not less than three years. (5) In less serious cases under paragraph 3, the penalty shall be imprisonment for a term of six months to five years; in less serious cases under paragraph 4, the penalty shall be imprisonment for a term of one year to ten years.«end if»
Annexes
Computables
[FalseImprisonment] = Confines is true or OtherwiseDeprivesOfLiberty is true
Business rules
| id | kind | actor | verb / predicate | body |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FIM-R01 | act | Actor | Confines is true | |
| FIM-R02 | act | Actor | OtherwiseDeprivesOfLiberty is true | |
| FIM-P0 | prohibition | Actor | not realise | not FalseImprisonment |
Tatbestand dissected to the Merkmal
| Source phrase | Doctrinal role | Primitive | Rule | Requires |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anyone who | Tätersubjekt | {Actor} | — | in scope |
| {Actor} confines {Person} | Merkmal | {Confines} | FIM-R01 | is true |
| {Actor} otherwise deprives {Person} of their liberty | Merkmal | {OtherwiseDeprivesOfLiberty} | FIM-R02 | is true |
| (2) attempt; (3)-(5) aggravations and lesser cases | attempt / grading | — excluded — | — | struck |
Variables appendix
| Variable | Input | Values | Cascade | Surface form (source words) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| {Actor} | Reference | – | Session | any person (the actor) |
| {Confines} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Actor} confines {Person} |
| {OtherwiseDeprivesOfLiberty} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Actor} otherwise deprives {Person} of their liberty |
| {Person} | Party | – | Session | the deprived person (the victim) |
Reconstruction from the substrate
Committed by any person (the actor) who: {Actor} confines {Person} or {Actor} otherwise deprives {Person} of their liberty.
Assembled only from the variable surface forms (including the actor) and the computable structure carried in the XSD, not from the source column. It should read as the offence. This is the recoverability test: the law is reverse-derivable from the substrate.
Dependent assessments (reactive invalidation)
| Assessment | Depends on | Invalidation | Trigger effect |
|---|---|---|---|
| [FalseImprisonment] | Confines, OtherwiseDeprivesOfLiberty | false | Final composite. Re-evaluates on any input change; cannot resolve true while any input is unknown. |
| prohibition (FIM-P0) | [FalseImprisonment] | re-derives | The PrimeRule prohibition holds whenever the composite is true; re-derives on any change. |
Decision tree
PHASE 1: gather inputs (Session)
├─ {Actor}
├─ {Confines}
├─ {OtherwiseDeprivesOfLiberty}
├─ {Person}
↓
PHASE 2: evaluate act / intermediate computables
↓
PHASE 3: evaluate the objective conditions
└─ [FalseImprisonment] = Confines is true or OtherwiseDeprivesOfLiberty is true
↓
VERDICT (PrimeRule)
├─ [FalseImprisonment] is true → objective conditions realised → conduct PROHIBITED (subject to permissions / exceptions)
└─ [FalseImprisonment] is false → not realised
Recursion / re-entry notes
No runtime re-entry. The operome is a single forward evaluation: inputs → act computable(s) → Tatbestand composite → prohibition verdict. Attempt and preparation, where the section provides for them, are separate operomes, not re-entries.
Circularity check
• [FalseImprisonment] depends on ; none refer back to [FalseImprisonment]. No definitional cycle.
• Each computable reduces to input Booleans; the graph is a DAG and topologically sortable. Tristate is monotone: any unknown input holds the composite at unknown rather than forcing a verdict.
Questionnaire
| # | Cascade | Variable | Question / prompt | Input |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q1 | Session | {Actor} | Who or what is the actor? Any natural person, legal person, or non-human system. Canonical home: PrimeRule.? | Reference |
| Q2 | Session | {Confines} | Element/Datum: {Actor} confines {Person}.? | Boolean |
| Q3 | Session | {OtherwiseDeprivesOfLiberty} | Element/Datum: {Actor} otherwise deprives {Person} of their liberty.? | Boolean |
| Q4 | Session | {Person} | Element/Datum: the deprived person (the victim).? | Party |
Flags
Scope Paragraph 1 only: the conduct pair {Confines} / {OtherwiseDeprivesOfLiberty}. Struck per the marked-up source: (2) attempt, (3) the duration and harm aggravations, (4) the death aggravation, (5) lesser cases.
Encoding note Encoded from verbatim source under the current principles.
Authors the deprivation pair This scope authors the title-wide conduct pair consumed by §233a by name (“confines or otherwise deprives of their liberty”).
Treatment §239 is Operomise-tagged.
Source (English, unofficial)
Operome markup - original text encoded
(1) Any person who abducts a person or seizes a person in order to exploit the victim’s concern for their own welfare or a third party’s concern for the victim’s welfare for the purpose of extortion (Section 253), or who exploits the situation of a person created by such an act for the purpose of such extortion, shall be punished with imprisonment for a term of not less than five years. (2) In less serious cases, the penalty shall be imprisonment for a term of not less than one year. (3) If the offender causes the death of the victim through the offence, at least through recklessness, the penalty shall be life imprisonment or imprisonment for a term of not less than ten years. (4) The court may mitigate the penalty in accordance with Section 49(1) if the offender allows the victim to return to their normal life whilst waiving the demanded benefit. If this outcome occurs without the offender’s intervention, their sincere efforts to achieve it shall suffice.
«if ExtortionateKidnapping is true»(1) {Actor} who «if {Abducts} is true»abducts {Person} «end if» «if {Seizes} is true»or seizes {Person} «end if», in order «if {ToExploitForExtortion} is true»to exploit «if {VictimsConcernForOwnWelfare} is true»the concern of {Person} for their own welfare «end if» «if {ThirdPartysConcern} is true»or the concern of a third party for the welfare of {Person} «end if» for the purpose of extortion (Section 253) «end if», or who «if {ExploitsSituation} is true»exploits the situation of {Person} «end if» «if {SituationCreatedBySuchAct} is true»created by {Actor} through such an act «end if» {ForSuchExtortion} for the purpose of such extortion, shall be punished with imprisonment for a term of not less than five years. (2) In less serious cases, the penalty shall be imprisonment for a term of not less than one year. (3) If the offender causes the death of the victim through the offence, at least through recklessness, the penalty shall be life imprisonment or imprisonment for a term of not less than ten years. (4) The court may mitigate the penalty in accordance with Section 49(1) if the offender allows the victim to return to their normal life whilst waiving the demanded benefit. If this outcome occurs without the offender's intervention, their sincere efforts to achieve it shall suffice.«end if»
Annexes
Computables
[Taking] = Abducts is true or Seizes is true
[Concern] = VictimsConcernForOwnWelfare is true or ThirdPartysConcern is true
[Variant1] = Taking is true and ToExploitForExtortion is true and Concern is true
[Variant2] = ExploitsSituation is true and SituationCreatedBySuchAct is true and ForSuchExtortion is true
[ExtortionateKidnapping] = Variant1 is true or Variant2 is true
Business rules
| id | kind | actor | verb / predicate | body |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EKD-R01 | act | Actor | Abducts is true | |
| EKD-R02 | act | Actor | Seizes is true | |
| EKD-R03 | condition | None | ToExploitForExtortion is true | |
| EKD-R04 | condition | None | VictimsConcernForOwnWelfare is true | |
| EKD-R05 | condition | None | ThirdPartysConcern is true | |
| EKD-R06 | act | Actor | ExploitsSituation is true | |
| EKD-R07 | condition | None | SituationCreatedBySuchAct is true | |
| EKD-R08 | condition | None | ForSuchExtortion is true | |
| EKD-P0 | prohibition | Actor | not realise | not ExtortionateKidnapping |
Tatbestand dissected to the Merkmal
| Source phrase | Doctrinal role | Primitive | Rule | Requires |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Any person who | Tätersubjekt | {Actor} | — | in scope |
| {Actor} abducts {Person} | Merkmal | {Abducts} | EKD-R01 | is true |
| {Actor} seizes {Person} | Merkmal | {Seizes} | EKD-R02 | is true |
| the concern is to be exploited for an extortion (Section 253) | Merkmal | {ToExploitForExtortion} | EKD-R03 | is true |
| the concern of {Person} for their own welfare | Merkmal | {VictimsConcernForOwnWelfare} | EKD-R04 | is true |
| the concern of a third party for the welfare of {Person} | Merkmal | {ThirdPartysConcern} | EKD-R05 | is true |
| {Actor} exploits the situation of {Person} | Merkmal | {ExploitsSituation} | EKD-R06 | is true |
| the situation of {Person} was created by {Actor} through such an act | Merkmal | {SituationCreatedBySuchAct} | EKD-R07 | is true |
| for such an extortion | Merkmal | {ForSuchExtortion} | EKD-R08 | is true |
| (2) lesser cases; (3) death aggravation; (4) judicial mitigation | grading / judicial | — excluded — | — | struck |
Variables appendix
| Variable | Input | Values | Cascade | Surface form (source words) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| {Abducts} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Actor} abducts {Person} |
| {Actor} | Reference | – | Session | any person (the actor) |
| {ExploitsSituation} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Actor} exploits the situation of {Person} |
| {ForSuchExtortion} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | for such an extortion |
| {Person} | Party | – | Session | the abducted person (the victim) |
| {Seizes} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Actor} seizes {Person} |
| {SituationCreatedBySuchAct} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | the situation of {Person} was created by {Actor} through such an act |
| {ThirdPartysConcern} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | the concern of a third party for the welfare of {Person} |
| {ToExploitForExtortion} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | the concern is to be exploited for an extortion (Section 253) |
| {VictimsConcernForOwnWelfare} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | the concern of {Person} for their own welfare |
Reconstruction from the substrate
Committed by any person (the actor) who: (({Actor} abducts {Person} or {Actor} seizes {Person}) and the concern is to be exploited for an extortion (Section 253) and (the concern of {Person} for their own welfare or the concern of a third party for the welfare of {Person})) or ({Actor} exploits the situation of {Person} and the situation of {Person} was created by {Actor} through such an act and for such an extortion).
Assembled only from the variable surface forms (including the actor) and the computable structure carried in the XSD, not from the source column. It should read as the offence. This is the recoverability test: the law is reverse-derivable from the substrate.
Dependent assessments (reactive invalidation)
| Assessment | Depends on | Invalidation | Trigger effect |
|---|---|---|---|
| [Taking] | Abducts, Seizes | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [Concern] | VictimsConcernForOwnWelfare, ThirdPartysConcern | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [Variant1] | Taking, ToExploitForExtortion, Concern | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [Variant2] | ExploitsSituation, SituationCreatedBySuchAct, ForSuchExtortion | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [ExtortionateKidnapping] | Variant1, Variant2 | false | Final composite. Re-evaluates on any input change; cannot resolve true while any input is unknown. |
| prohibition (EKD-P0) | [ExtortionateKidnapping] | re-derives | The PrimeRule prohibition holds whenever the composite is true; re-derives on any change. |
Decision tree
PHASE 1: gather inputs (Session)
├─ {Abducts}
├─ {Actor}
├─ {ExploitsSituation}
├─ {ForSuchExtortion}
├─ {Person}
├─ {Seizes}
├─ {SituationCreatedBySuchAct}
├─ {ThirdPartysConcern}
├─ {ToExploitForExtortion}
├─ {VictimsConcernForOwnWelfare}
↓
PHASE 2: evaluate act / intermediate computables
├─ [Taking] = Abducts is true or Seizes is true
├─ [Concern] = VictimsConcernForOwnWelfare is true or ThirdPartysConcern is true
├─ [Variant1] = Taking is true and ToExploitForExtortion is true and Concern is true
├─ [Variant2] = ExploitsSituation is true and SituationCreatedBySuchAct is true and ForSuchExtortion is true
↓
PHASE 3: evaluate the objective conditions
└─ [ExtortionateKidnapping] = Variant1 is true or Variant2 is true
↓
VERDICT (PrimeRule)
├─ [ExtortionateKidnapping] is true → objective conditions realised → conduct PROHIBITED (subject to permissions / exceptions)
└─ [ExtortionateKidnapping] is false → not realised
Recursion / re-entry notes
No runtime re-entry. The operome is a single forward evaluation: inputs → act computable(s) → Tatbestand composite → prohibition verdict. Attempt and preparation, where the section provides for them, are separate operomes, not re-entries.
Circularity check
• [ExtortionateKidnapping] depends on [Taking], [Concern], [Variant1], [Variant2]; none refer back to [ExtortionateKidnapping]. No definitional cycle.
• Each computable reduces to input Booleans; the graph is a DAG and topologically sortable. Tristate is monotone: any unknown input holds the composite at unknown rather than forcing a verdict.
Questionnaire
| # | Cascade | Variable | Question / prompt | Input |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q1 | Session | {Abducts} | Element/Datum: {Actor} abducts {Person}.? | Boolean |
| Q2 | Session | {Actor} | Who or what is the actor? Any natural person, legal person, or non-human system. Canonical home: PrimeRule.? | Reference |
| Q3 | Session | {ExploitsSituation} | Element/Datum: {Actor} exploits the situation of {Person}.? | Boolean |
| Q4 | Session | {ForSuchExtortion} | Element/Datum: for such an extortion.? | Boolean |
| Q5 | Session | {Person} | Element/Datum: the abducted person (the victim).? | Party |
| Q6 | Session | {Seizes} | Element/Datum: {Actor} seizes {Person}.? | Boolean |
| Q7 | Session | {SituationCreatedBySuchAct} | Element/Datum: the situation of {Person} was created by {Actor} through such an act.? | Boolean |
| Q8 | Session | {ThirdPartysConcern} | Element/Datum: the concern of a third party for the welfare of {Person}.? | Boolean |
| Q9 | Session | {ToExploitForExtortion} | Element/Datum: the concern is to be exploited for an extortion (Section 253).? | Boolean |
| Q10 | Session | {VictimsConcernForOwnWelfare} | Element/Datum: the concern of {Person} for their own welfare.? | Boolean |
Flags
Scope Paragraph 1, both variants: the taking with the extortion purpose, and the exploitation of a situation created by such an act. Struck per the marked-up source: (2) lesser cases, (3) the death aggravation, (4) the judicial mitigation and sincere-efforts sentence.
Purpose element retained (deliberate) The um-zu purpose (exploiting the concern for the purpose of a §253 extortion) is live per the markup and the Operomise tag, encoded as the prospective gate {ToExploitForExtortion} spanning the two coordinated concern objects, per the §232 and §234 pattern. Whether the purpose existed in fact escalates.
Encoding note §239a was a first encoding, built directly under the current principles.
Extortion reference “Erpressung (§253)” is carried in the words of the purpose gate; §253 is outside the encoded corpus and resolves as part of the purpose input.
Treatment §239a is Operomise-tagged.
Source (English, unofficial)
Operome markup - original text encoded
(1) Any person who abducts a person or seizes a person in order to compel that person or a third party, by threatening the victim with death or grievous bodily harm (Section 226) or with deprivation of liberty for a period exceeding one week, to perform an act, toleration or omission, or who exploits the situation of a person created by such an act to effect such coercion, shall be punished with imprisonment for a term of not less than five years. (2) Section 239a(2) to (4) shall apply mutatis mutandis.
«if HostageTaking is true»(1) {Actor} who «if {Abducts} is true»abducts {Person} «end if» «if {Seizes} is true»or seizes {Person} «end if», in order to compel «if {CompelVictim} is true»{Person} «end if» «if {CompelThirdParty} is true»or a third party «end if», by threatening {Person} with «if {ThreatOfDeath} is true»death «end if» «if {ThreatOfGrievousBodilyHarm} is true»or grievous bodily harm (Section 226) «end if» «if {ThreatOfDeprivation} is true»or with deprivation of liberty for a period of {ThreatenedDeprivationDuration} «if [DeprivationOverOneWeek] is true»exceeding {DurationLimitOneWeek} «end if» «end if», to perform «if {ToPerformAct} is true»an act «end if» «if {ToTolerate} is true», a toleration «end if» «if {ToOmit} is true»or an omission «end if», or who «if {ExploitsSituation} is true»exploits the situation of {Person} «end if» «if {SituationCreatedBySuchAct} is true»created by {Actor} through such an act «end if» {ForSuchCoercion} to effect such coercion, shall be punished with imprisonment for a term of not less than five years. (2) Section 239a(2) to (4) shall apply mutatis mutandis.«end if»
Annexes
Computables
[DemandedConduct] = ToPerformAct is true or ToTolerate is true or ToOmit is true
[DeprivationOverOneWeek] = ThreatenedDeprivationDuration > DurationLimitOneWeek
[ThreatContent] = ThreatOfDeath is true or ThreatOfGrievousBodilyHarm is true or (ThreatOfDeprivation is true and DeprivationOverOneWeek is true)
[Taking] = Abducts is true or Seizes is true
[CompelledParty] = CompelVictim is true or CompelThirdParty is true
[Variant1] = Taking is true and CompelledParty is true and ThreatContent is true and DemandedConduct is true
[Variant2] = ExploitsSituation is true and SituationCreatedBySuchAct is true and ForSuchCoercion is true
[HostageTaking] = Variant1 is true or Variant2 is true
Business rules
| id | kind | actor | verb / predicate | body |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HST-R01 | act | Actor | Abducts is true | |
| HST-R02 | act | Actor | Seizes is true | |
| HST-R03 | condition | None | CompelVictim is true | |
| HST-R04 | condition | None | CompelThirdParty is true | |
| HST-R05 | condition | None | ThreatOfDeath is true | |
| HST-R06 | condition | None | ThreatOfGrievousBodilyHarm is true | |
| HST-R07 | condition | None | ThreatOfDeprivation is true | |
| HST-R08 | condition | None | ToPerformAct is true | |
| HST-R09 | condition | None | ToTolerate is true | |
| HST-R10 | condition | None | ToOmit is true | |
| HST-R11 | act | Actor | ExploitsSituation is true | |
| HST-R12 | condition | None | SituationCreatedBySuchAct is true | |
| HST-R13 | condition | None | ForSuchCoercion is true | |
| HST-R90 | condition | None | the threatened deprivation exceeds one week | DeprivationOverOneWeek is true |
| HST-P0 | prohibition | Actor | not realise | not HostageTaking |
Tatbestand dissected to the Merkmal
| Source phrase | Doctrinal role | Primitive | Rule | Requires |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Any person who | Tätersubjekt | {Actor} | — | in scope |
| {Actor} abducts {Person} | Merkmal | {Abducts} | HST-R01 | is true |
| {Actor} seizes {Person} | Merkmal | {Seizes} | HST-R02 | is true |
| {Person} is to be compelled | Merkmal | {CompelVictim} | HST-R03 | is true |
| a third party is to be compelled | Merkmal | {CompelThirdParty} | HST-R04 | is true |
| the threat of the death of {Person} | Merkmal | {ThreatOfDeath} | HST-R05 | is true |
| the threat of grievous bodily harm (Section 226) to {Person} | Merkmal | {ThreatOfGrievousBodilyHarm} | HST-R06 | is true |
| the threat of the deprivation of the liberty of {Person} | Merkmal | {ThreatOfDeprivation} | HST-R07 | is true |
| an act | Merkmal | {ToPerformAct} | HST-R08 | is true |
| a toleration | Merkmal | {ToTolerate} | HST-R09 | is true |
| an omission | Merkmal | {ToOmit} | HST-R10 | is true |
| {Actor} exploits the situation of {Person} | Merkmal | {ExploitsSituation} | HST-R11 | is true |
| the situation of {Person} was created by {Actor} through such an act | Merkmal | {SituationCreatedBySuchAct} | HST-R12 | is true |
| to effect such coercion | Merkmal | {ForSuchCoercion} | HST-R13 | is true |
| (2) mutatis grading and mitigation | grading / judicial | — excluded — | — | struck |
Variables appendix
| Variable | Input | Values | Cascade | Surface form (source words) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| {Abducts} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Actor} abducts {Person} |
| {Actor} | Reference | – | Session | any person (the actor) |
| {CompelThirdParty} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | a third party is to be compelled |
| {CompelVictim} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Person} is to be compelled |
| {DurationLimitOneWeek} | Number | – | Session | seven days (one week) |
| {ExploitsSituation} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Actor} exploits the situation of {Person} |
| {ForSuchCoercion} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | to effect such coercion |
| {Person} | Party | – | Session | the abducted person (the victim) |
| {Seizes} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Actor} seizes {Person} |
| {SituationCreatedBySuchAct} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | the situation of {Person} was created by {Actor} through such an act |
| {ThreatOfDeath} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | the threat of the death of {Person} |
| {ThreatOfDeprivation} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | the threat of the deprivation of the liberty of {Person} |
| {ThreatOfGrievousBodilyHarm} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | the threat of grievous bodily harm (Section 226) to {Person} |
| {ThreatenedDeprivationDuration} | Number | – | Session | the duration of the threatened deprivation of liberty in days |
| {ToOmit} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | an omission |
| {ToPerformAct} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | an act |
| {ToTolerate} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | a toleration |
Reconstruction from the substrate
Committed by any person (the actor) who: (({Actor} abducts {Person} or {Actor} seizes {Person}) and ({Person} is to be compelled or a third party is to be compelled) and (the threat of the death of {Person} or the threat of grievous bodily harm (Section 226) to {Person} or (the threat of the deprivation of the liberty of {Person} and (ThreatenedDeprivationDuration > DurationLimitOneWeek))) and (an act or a toleration or an omission)) or ({Actor} exploits the situation of {Person} and the situation of {Person} was created by {Actor} through such an act and to effect such coercion).
Assembled only from the variable surface forms (including the actor) and the computable structure carried in the XSD, not from the source column. It should read as the offence. This is the recoverability test: the law is reverse-derivable from the substrate.
Dependent assessments (reactive invalidation)
| Assessment | Depends on | Invalidation | Trigger effect |
|---|---|---|---|
| [DemandedConduct] | ToPerformAct, ToTolerate, ToOmit | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [DeprivationOverOneWeek] | ThreatenedDeprivationDuration, DurationLimitOneWeek | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [ThreatContent] | ThreatOfDeath, ThreatOfGrievousBodilyHarm, ThreatOfDeprivation, DeprivationOverOneWeek | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [Taking] | Abducts, Seizes | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [CompelledParty] | CompelVictim, CompelThirdParty | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [Variant1] | Taking, CompelledParty, ThreatContent, DemandedConduct | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [Variant2] | ExploitsSituation, SituationCreatedBySuchAct, ForSuchCoercion | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [HostageTaking] | Variant1, Variant2 | false | Final composite. Re-evaluates on any input change; cannot resolve true while any input is unknown. |
| prohibition (HST-P0) | [HostageTaking] | re-derives | The PrimeRule prohibition holds whenever the composite is true; re-derives on any change. |
Decision tree
PHASE 1: gather inputs (Session)
├─ {Abducts}
├─ {Actor}
├─ {CompelThirdParty}
├─ {CompelVictim}
├─ {DurationLimitOneWeek}
├─ {ExploitsSituation}
├─ {ForSuchCoercion}
├─ {Person}
├─ {Seizes}
├─ {SituationCreatedBySuchAct}
├─ {ThreatOfDeath}
├─ {ThreatOfDeprivation}
├─ {ThreatOfGrievousBodilyHarm}
├─ {ThreatenedDeprivationDuration}
├─ {ToOmit}
├─ {ToPerformAct}
├─ {ToTolerate}
↓
PHASE 2: evaluate act / intermediate computables
├─ [DemandedConduct] = ToPerformAct is true or ToTolerate is true or ToOmit is true
├─ [DeprivationOverOneWeek] = ThreatenedDeprivationDuration > DurationLimitOneWeek
├─ [ThreatContent] = ThreatOfDeath is true or ThreatOfGrievousBodilyHarm is true or (ThreatOfDeprivation is true and DeprivationOverOneWeek is true)
├─ [Taking] = Abducts is true or Seizes is true
├─ [CompelledParty] = CompelVictim is true or CompelThirdParty is true
├─ [Variant1] = Taking is true and CompelledParty is true and ThreatContent is true and DemandedConduct is true
├─ [Variant2] = ExploitsSituation is true and SituationCreatedBySuchAct is true and ForSuchCoercion is true
↓
PHASE 3: evaluate the objective conditions
└─ [HostageTaking] = Variant1 is true or Variant2 is true
↓
VERDICT (PrimeRule)
├─ [HostageTaking] is true → objective conditions realised → conduct PROHIBITED (subject to permissions / exceptions)
└─ [HostageTaking] is false → not realised
Recursion / re-entry notes
No runtime re-entry. The operome is a single forward evaluation: inputs → act computable(s) → Tatbestand composite → prohibition verdict. Attempt and preparation, where the section provides for them, are separate operomes, not re-entries.
Circularity check
• [HostageTaking] depends on [DemandedConduct], [DeprivationOverOneWeek], [ThreatContent], [Taking], [CompelledParty], [Variant1], [Variant2]; none refer back to [HostageTaking]. No definitional cycle.
• Each computable reduces to input Booleans; the graph is a DAG and topologically sortable. Tristate is monotone: any unknown input holds the composite at unknown rather than forcing a verdict.
Questionnaire
| # | Cascade | Variable | Question / prompt | Input |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q1 | Session | {Abducts} | Element/Datum: {Actor} abducts {Person}.? | Boolean |
| Q2 | Session | {Actor} | Who or what is the actor? Any natural person, legal person, or non-human system. Canonical home: PrimeRule.? | Reference |
| Q3 | Session | {CompelThirdParty} | Element/Datum: a third party is to be compelled.? | Boolean |
| Q4 | Session | {CompelVictim} | Element/Datum: {Person} is to be compelled.? | Boolean |
| Q5 | Session | {DurationLimitOneWeek} | Element/Datum: seven days (one week).? | Number |
| Q6 | Session | {ExploitsSituation} | Element/Datum: {Actor} exploits the situation of {Person}.? | Boolean |
| Q7 | Session | {ForSuchCoercion} | Element/Datum: to effect such coercion.? | Boolean |
| Q8 | Session | {Person} | Element/Datum: the abducted person (the victim).? | Party |
| Q9 | Session | {Seizes} | Element/Datum: {Actor} seizes {Person}.? | Boolean |
| Q10 | Session | {SituationCreatedBySuchAct} | Element/Datum: the situation of {Person} was created by {Actor} through such an act.? | Boolean |
| Q11 | Session | {ThreatOfDeath} | Element/Datum: the threat of the death of {Person}.? | Boolean |
| Q12 | Session | {ThreatOfDeprivation} | Element/Datum: the threat of the deprivation of the liberty of {Person}.? | Boolean |
| Q13 | Session | {ThreatOfGrievousBodilyHarm} | Element/Datum: the threat of grievous bodily harm (Section 226) to {Person}.? | Boolean |
| Q14 | Session | {ThreatenedDeprivationDuration} | Element/Datum: the duration of the threatened deprivation of liberty in days.? | Number |
| Q15 | Session | {ToOmit} | Element/Datum: an omission.? | Boolean |
| Q16 | Session | {ToPerformAct} | Element/Datum: an act.? | Boolean |
| Q17 | Session | {ToTolerate} | Element/Datum: a toleration.? | Boolean |
Flags
Scope Paragraph 1, both variants: the taking with the coercion purpose and its three-membered threat content, and the exploitation of a situation created by such an act. Struck per the marked-up source: (2) the mutatis reference to §239a(2) to (4).
Purpose element retained (deliberate) The um-zu coercion purpose is live per the markup and the Operomise tag: the compelled party pair, the threat content and the demanded conduct triad (act, toleration, omission) are coordinated objects in their own blocks with the disjunctions in governing computables.
Threshold as named number “Freiheitsentziehung von über einer Woche Dauer” is encoded per the encoding principles: {ThreatenedDeprivationDuration} and {DurationLimitOneWeek} with the comparator computable [DeprivationOverOneWeek], gating the third threat leg.
Translation note The draft English layer renders “Duldung” as “tolerance”; carried as “toleration” for the conduct triad, matching the §240 vocabulary.
Encoding note §239b was a first encoding, built directly under the current principles.
Treatment §239b is Operomise-tagged.
Source (English, unofficial)
Operome markup - original text encoded
(1) Any person who unlawfully compels another person, by force or by threatening them with serious harm, to perform an act, to tolerate an act or to refrain from an act shall be punished with imprisonment for a term not exceeding three years or with a fine. (2) The act is unlawful if the use of force or the threat of harm is to be regarded as reprehensible in view of the intended purpose. (3) An attempt is punishable. (4) In particularly serious cases, the penalty is imprisonment for a term of six months to five years. A particularly serious case generally exists where the offender 1. forces a pregnant woman to undergo an abortion or 2. abuses his powers or his position as a public official.
«if Coercion is true»(1) {Actor} who {Unlawfully} unlawfully «if {Compels} is true»compels {Person} «end if», by «if {Violence} is true»force «end if» «if {ThreatOfSeriousHarm} is true»or by threatening them with serious harm «end if», to perform «if {ToPerformAct} is true»an act «end if» «if {ToTolerate} is true», to tolerate an act «end if» «if {ToOmit} is true»or to refrain from an act «end if» shall be punished with imprisonment for a term not exceeding three years or with a fine. (2) The act is unlawful if the use of force or the threat of harm is to be regarded as reprehensible in view of the intended purpose. (3) An attempt is punishable. (4) In particularly serious cases, the penalty is imprisonment for a term of six months to five years. A particularly serious case generally exists where the offender 1. forces a pregnant woman to undergo an abortion or 2. abuses his powers or his position as a public official.«end if»
Annexes
Computables
[Means] = Violence is true or ThreatOfSeriousHarm is true
[DemandedConduct] = ToPerformAct is true or ToTolerate is true or ToOmit is true
[Coercion] = Compels is true and Unlawfully is true and Means is true and DemandedConduct is true
Business rules
| id | kind | actor | verb / predicate | body |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| COE-R01 | act | Actor | Compels is true | |
| COE-R02 | condition | None | Unlawfully is true | |
| COE-R03 | condition | None | Violence is true | |
| COE-R04 | condition | None | ThreatOfSeriousHarm is true | |
| COE-R05 | condition | None | ToPerformAct is true | |
| COE-R06 | condition | None | ToTolerate is true | |
| COE-R07 | condition | None | ToOmit is true | |
| COE-P0 | prohibition | Actor | not realise | not Coercion |
Tatbestand dissected to the Merkmal
| Source phrase | Doctrinal role | Primitive | Rule | Requires |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Any person who | Tätersubjekt | {Actor} | — | in scope |
| {Actor} compels {Person} | Merkmal | {Compels} | COE-R01 | is true |
| unlawfully | Merkmal | {Unlawfully} | COE-R02 | is true |
| force | Merkmal | {Violence} | COE-R03 | is true |
| the threat of serious harm | Merkmal | {ThreatOfSeriousHarm} | COE-R04 | is true |
| an act | Merkmal | {ToPerformAct} | COE-R05 | is true |
| a toleration | Merkmal | {ToTolerate} | COE-R06 | is true |
| an omission | Merkmal | {ToOmit} | COE-R07 | is true |
| (2) reprehensibility definition; (3) attempt; (4) particularly serious cases | evaluative definition / attempt / grading | — excluded — | — | struck |
Variables appendix
| Variable | Input | Values | Cascade | Surface form (source words) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| {Actor} | Reference | – | Session | any person (the actor) |
| {Compels} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Actor} compels {Person} |
| {Person} | Party | – | Session | the compelled person (the victim) |
| {ThreatOfSeriousHarm} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | the threat of serious harm |
| {ToOmit} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | an omission |
| {ToPerformAct} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | an act |
| {ToTolerate} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | a toleration |
| {Unlawfully} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | unlawfully |
| {Violence} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | force |
Reconstruction from the substrate
Committed by any person (the actor) who: {Actor} compels {Person} and unlawfully and (force or the threat of serious harm) and (an act or a toleration or an omission).
Assembled only from the variable surface forms (including the actor) and the computable structure carried in the XSD, not from the source column. It should read as the offence. This is the recoverability test: the law is reverse-derivable from the substrate.
Dependent assessments (reactive invalidation)
| Assessment | Depends on | Invalidation | Trigger effect |
|---|---|---|---|
| [Means] | Violence, ThreatOfSeriousHarm | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [DemandedConduct] | ToPerformAct, ToTolerate, ToOmit | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [Coercion] | Compels, Unlawfully, Means, DemandedConduct | false | Final composite. Re-evaluates on any input change; cannot resolve true while any input is unknown. |
| prohibition (COE-P0) | [Coercion] | re-derives | The PrimeRule prohibition holds whenever the composite is true; re-derives on any change. |
Decision tree
PHASE 1: gather inputs (Session)
├─ {Actor}
├─ {Compels}
├─ {Person}
├─ {ThreatOfSeriousHarm}
├─ {ToOmit}
├─ {ToPerformAct}
├─ {ToTolerate}
├─ {Unlawfully}
├─ {Violence}
↓
PHASE 2: evaluate act / intermediate computables
├─ [Means] = Violence is true or ThreatOfSeriousHarm is true
├─ [DemandedConduct] = ToPerformAct is true or ToTolerate is true or ToOmit is true
↓
PHASE 3: evaluate the objective conditions
└─ [Coercion] = Compels is true and Unlawfully is true and Means is true and DemandedConduct is true
↓
VERDICT (PrimeRule)
├─ [Coercion] is true → objective conditions realised → conduct PROHIBITED (subject to permissions / exceptions)
└─ [Coercion] is false → not realised
Recursion / re-entry notes
No runtime re-entry. The operome is a single forward evaluation: inputs → act computable(s) → Tatbestand composite → prohibition verdict. Attempt and preparation, where the section provides for them, are separate operomes, not re-entries.
Circularity check
• [Coercion] depends on [Means], [DemandedConduct]; none refer back to [Coercion]. No definitional cycle.
• Each computable reduces to input Booleans; the graph is a DAG and topologically sortable. Tristate is monotone: any unknown input holds the composite at unknown rather than forcing a verdict.
Questionnaire
| # | Cascade | Variable | Question / prompt | Input |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q1 | Session | {Actor} | Who or what is the actor? Any natural person, legal person, or non-human system. Canonical home: PrimeRule.? | Reference |
| Q2 | Session | {Compels} | Element/Datum: {Actor} compels {Person}.? | Boolean |
| Q3 | Session | {Person} | Element/Datum: the compelled person (the victim).? | Party |
| Q4 | Session | {ThreatOfSeriousHarm} | Element/Datum: the threat of serious harm.? | Boolean |
| Q5 | Session | {ToOmit} | Element/Datum: an omission.? | Boolean |
| Q6 | Session | {ToPerformAct} | Element/Datum: an act.? | Boolean |
| Q7 | Session | {ToTolerate} | Element/Datum: a toleration.? | Boolean |
| Q8 | Session | {Unlawfully} | Element/Datum: unlawfully.? | Boolean |
| Q9 | Session | {Violence} | Element/Datum: force.? | Boolean |
Flags
Scope Paragraph 1 only: the compulsion offence with the two-means pair and the conduct triad (act, toleration, omission). Struck per the marked-up source: (2) the reprehensibility definition of unlawfulness, (3) attempt, (4) particularly serious cases.
Unlawfulness stands undefined (deliberate) As in §237, the markup strikes the Verwerflichkeit clause while retaining “rechtswidrig”: {Unlawfully} is a required input whose resolution (the reprehensibility assessment of means against purpose) escalates to a human. The two sections now carry the identical posture.
Encoding note Encoded from verbatim source under the current principles.
Treatment §240 is Operomise-tagged.
Source (English, unofficial)
Operome markup - original text encoded
(1) Any person who threatens another person with the commission of an unlawful act directed against that person or a person close to them, against their sexual self-determination, physical integrity, personal liberty or property of significant value, shall be punished with imprisonment for up to one year or a fine. (2) Any person who threatens another person with the commission of a crime directed against that person or a person close to them shall be punished with imprisonment for up to two years or a fine. (3) A person who, against their better knowledge, misleads another person into believing that the commission of a crime directed against them or a person close to them is imminent shall be punished in the same way. (4) If the offence is committed in public, at a gathering or by disseminating content (Section 11(3)), the penalty in the cases referred to in paragraph 1 shall be imprisonment for a term not exceeding two years or a fine, and in the cases referred to in paragraphs 2 and 3, imprisonment for a term not exceeding three years or a fine. (5) The provisions governing the bringing of a criminal complaint applicable to the threatened offence shall apply mutatis mutandis.
«if Threat is true»(1) {Actor} who «if {Threatens} is true»threatens {Person} «end if» with the commission of «if {UnlawfulAct} is true»an unlawful act «end if» «if {DirectedAgainstPerson} is true»directed against {Person} «end if» «if {DirectedAgainstClosePerson} is true»or a person close to {Person} «end if», against «if {SexualSelfDetermination} is true»their sexual self-determination «end if» «if {PhysicalIntegrity} is true», physical integrity «end if» «if {PersonalLiberty} is true», personal liberty «end if» «if {PropertyOfSignificantValue} is true»or property of significant value «end if» shall be punished with imprisonment for up to one year or a fine. (2) Any person who threatens another person with the commission of a crime directed against that person or a person close to them shall be punished with imprisonment for up to two years or a fine. (3) Shall be punished in the same way {Actor} who, «if {AgainstBetterKnowledge} is true»against {Actor}'s better knowledge «end if», «if {Misleads} is true»misleads {Person} into believing «end if» that «if {CrimeImminent} is true»the commission of a crime is imminent «end if», «if {DirectedAgainstPerson} is true»directed against {Person} «end if» «if {DirectedAgainstClosePerson} is true»or a person close to {Person} «end if». (4) If the offence is committed in public, at a gathering or by disseminating content (Section 11(3)), the penalty in the cases referred to in paragraph 1 shall be imprisonment for a term not exceeding two years or a fine, and in the cases referred to in paragraphs 2 and 3, imprisonment for a term not exceeding three years or a fine. (5) The provisions governing the bringing of a criminal complaint applicable to the threatened offence shall apply mutatis mutandis.«end if»
Annexes
Computables
[ProtectedInterest] = SexualSelfDetermination is true or PhysicalIntegrity is true or PersonalLiberty is true or PropertyOfSignificantValue is true
[DirectedAgainst] = DirectedAgainstPerson is true or DirectedAgainstClosePerson is true
[Para3] = Misleads is true and AgainstBetterKnowledge is true and CrimeImminent is true and DirectedAgainst is true
[Para1] = Threatens is true and UnlawfulAct is true and DirectedAgainst is true and ProtectedInterest is true
[Threat] = Para1 is true or Para3 is true
Business rules
| id | kind | actor | verb / predicate | body |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| THR-R01 | act | Actor | Threatens is true | |
| THR-R02 | condition | None | UnlawfulAct is true | |
| THR-R03 | condition | None | DirectedAgainstPerson is true | |
| THR-R04 | condition | None | DirectedAgainstClosePerson is true | |
| THR-R05 | condition | None | SexualSelfDetermination is true | |
| THR-R06 | condition | None | PhysicalIntegrity is true | |
| THR-R07 | condition | None | PersonalLiberty is true | |
| THR-R08 | condition | None | PropertyOfSignificantValue is true | |
| THR-R09 | act | Actor | Misleads is true | |
| THR-R10 | condition | None | AgainstBetterKnowledge is true | |
| THR-R11 | condition | None | CrimeImminent is true | |
| THR-P0 | prohibition | Actor | not realise | not Threat |
Tatbestand dissected to the Merkmal
| Source phrase | Doctrinal role | Primitive | Rule | Requires |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Any person who | Tätersubjekt | {Actor} | — | in scope |
| {Actor} threatens {Person} | Merkmal | {Threatens} | THR-R01 | is true |
| the threatened act is an unlawful act | Merkmal | {UnlawfulAct} | THR-R02 | is true |
| the act is directed against {Person} | Merkmal | {DirectedAgainstPerson} | THR-R03 | is true |
| the act is directed against a person close to {Person} | Merkmal | {DirectedAgainstClosePerson} | THR-R04 | is true |
| the sexual self-determination | Merkmal | {SexualSelfDetermination} | THR-R05 | is true |
| the physical integrity | Merkmal | {PhysicalIntegrity} | THR-R06 | is true |
| the personal liberty | Merkmal | {PersonalLiberty} | THR-R07 | is true |
| property of significant value | Merkmal | {PropertyOfSignificantValue} | THR-R08 | is true |
| {Actor} misleads {Person} | Merkmal | {Misleads} | THR-R09 | is true |
| against {Actor}'s better knowledge | Merkmal | {AgainstBetterKnowledge} | THR-R10 | is true |
| the commission of a crime is imminent | Merkmal | {CrimeImminent} | THR-R11 | is true |
| (2) crime-threat variant; (4) publicity aggravation; (5) complaint provisions | variant / grading / procedure | — excluded — | — | struck |
Variables appendix
| Variable | Input | Values | Cascade | Surface form (source words) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| {Actor} | Reference | – | Session | any person (the actor) |
| {AgainstBetterKnowledge} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | against {Actor}'s better knowledge |
| {CrimeImminent} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | the commission of a crime is imminent |
| {DirectedAgainstClosePerson} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | the act is directed against a person close to {Person} |
| {DirectedAgainstPerson} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | the act is directed against {Person} |
| {Misleads} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Actor} misleads {Person} |
| {Person} | Party | – | Session | the threatened person (the victim) |
| {PersonalLiberty} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | the personal liberty |
| {PhysicalIntegrity} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | the physical integrity |
| {PropertyOfSignificantValue} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | property of significant value |
| {SexualSelfDetermination} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | the sexual self-determination |
| {Threatens} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | {Actor} threatens {Person} |
| {UnlawfulAct} | Boolean | true / false / unknown | Session | the threatened act is an unlawful act |
Reconstruction from the substrate
Committed by any person (the actor) who: ({Actor} threatens {Person} and the threatened act is an unlawful act and (the act is directed against {Person} or the act is directed against a person close to {Person}) and (the sexual self-determination or the physical integrity or the personal liberty or property of significant value)) or ({Actor} misleads {Person} and against {Actor}'s better knowledge and the commission of a crime is imminent and (the act is directed against {Person} or the act is directed against a person close to {Person})).
Assembled only from the variable surface forms (including the actor) and the computable structure carried in the XSD, not from the source column. It should read as the offence. This is the recoverability test: the law is reverse-derivable from the substrate.
Dependent assessments (reactive invalidation)
| Assessment | Depends on | Invalidation | Trigger effect |
|---|---|---|---|
| [ProtectedInterest] | SexualSelfDetermination, PhysicalIntegrity, PersonalLiberty, PropertyOfSignificantValue | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [DirectedAgainst] | DirectedAgainstPerson, DirectedAgainstClosePerson | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [Para3] | Misleads, AgainstBetterKnowledge, CrimeImminent, DirectedAgainst | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [Para1] | Threatens, UnlawfulAct, DirectedAgainst, ProtectedInterest | false | Recomputes when any input changes; propagates into the composite. |
| [Threat] | Para1, Para3 | false | Final composite. Re-evaluates on any input change; cannot resolve true while any input is unknown. |
| prohibition (THR-P0) | [Threat] | re-derives | The PrimeRule prohibition holds whenever the composite is true; re-derives on any change. |
Decision tree
PHASE 1: gather inputs (Session)
├─ {Actor}
├─ {AgainstBetterKnowledge}
├─ {CrimeImminent}
├─ {DirectedAgainstClosePerson}
├─ {DirectedAgainstPerson}
├─ {Misleads}
├─ {Person}
├─ {PersonalLiberty}
├─ {PhysicalIntegrity}
├─ {PropertyOfSignificantValue}
├─ {SexualSelfDetermination}
├─ {Threatens}
├─ {UnlawfulAct}
↓
PHASE 2: evaluate act / intermediate computables
├─ [ProtectedInterest] = SexualSelfDetermination is true or PhysicalIntegrity is true or PersonalLiberty is true or PropertyOfSignificantValue is true
├─ [DirectedAgainst] = DirectedAgainstPerson is true or DirectedAgainstClosePerson is true
├─ [Para3] = Misleads is true and AgainstBetterKnowledge is true and CrimeImminent is true and DirectedAgainst is true
├─ [Para1] = Threatens is true and UnlawfulAct is true and DirectedAgainst is true and ProtectedInterest is true
↓
PHASE 3: evaluate the objective conditions
└─ [Threat] = Para1 is true or Para3 is true
↓
VERDICT (PrimeRule)
├─ [Threat] is true → objective conditions realised → conduct PROHIBITED (subject to permissions / exceptions)
└─ [Threat] is false → not realised
Recursion / re-entry notes
No runtime re-entry. The operome is a single forward evaluation: inputs → act computable(s) → Tatbestand composite → prohibition verdict. Attempt and preparation, where the section provides for them, are separate operomes, not re-entries.
Circularity check
• [Threat] depends on [ProtectedInterest], [DirectedAgainst], [Para3], [Para1]; none refer back to [Threat]. No definitional cycle.
• Each computable reduces to input Booleans; the graph is a DAG and topologically sortable. Tristate is monotone: any unknown input holds the composite at unknown rather than forcing a verdict.
Questionnaire
| # | Cascade | Variable | Question / prompt | Input |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q1 | Session | {Actor} | Who or what is the actor? Any natural person, legal person, or non-human system. Canonical home: PrimeRule.? | Reference |
| Q2 | Session | {AgainstBetterKnowledge} | Element/Datum: against {Actor}'s better knowledge.? | Boolean |
| Q3 | Session | {CrimeImminent} | Element/Datum: the commission of a crime is imminent.? | Boolean |
| Q4 | Session | {DirectedAgainstClosePerson} | Element/Datum: the act is directed against a person close to {Person}.? | Boolean |
| Q5 | Session | {DirectedAgainstPerson} | Element/Datum: the act is directed against {Person}.? | Boolean |
| Q6 | Session | {Misleads} | Element/Datum: {Actor} misleads {Person}.? | Boolean |
| Q7 | Session | {Person} | Element/Datum: the threatened person (the victim).? | Party |
| Q8 | Session | {PersonalLiberty} | Element/Datum: the personal liberty.? | Boolean |
| Q9 | Session | {PhysicalIntegrity} | Element/Datum: the physical integrity.? | Boolean |
| Q10 | Session | {PropertyOfSignificantValue} | Element/Datum: property of significant value.? | Boolean |
| Q11 | Session | {SexualSelfDetermination} | Element/Datum: the sexual self-determination.? | Boolean |
| Q12 | Session | {Threatens} | Element/Datum: {Actor} threatens {Person}.? | Boolean |
| Q13 | Session | {UnlawfulAct} | Element/Datum: the threatened act is an unlawful act.? | Boolean |
Flags
Scope Paragraph 1 (the unlawful-act threat with the four protected interests) and paragraph 3 (the crime-pretence variant) encoded. Struck per the marked-up source: (2) the crime-threat variant, (4) the publicity aggravation, (5) the complaint provisions.
Strike boundary in (2) (deliberate) The strike in (2) begins mid-sentence (at “Person gerichteten Verbrechens bedroht”), leaving the opening words unstruck. The remnant is a syntactic fragment with no verb and cannot stand as an element, so (2) is treated as struck whole; the imprecise boundary is recorded here, in contrast to §232a(6) where the remnant was a coherent retained phrase.
Knowledge element retained (deliberate) “wider besseres Wissen” in (3) is live in the markup: encoded as {AgainstBetterKnowledge} per the §176b precedent on retained mental elements; its existence in fact escalates.
Translation note The draft English layer of (3) renders “wider besseres Wissen” as “against their better judgement” and “vortäuscht, daß die Verwirklichung ... bevorstehe” loosely; the source column carries “against their better knowledge” and “misleads ... into believing that the commission ... is imminent”. “Sache von bedeutendem Wert” is carried as “property of significant value”.
Encoding note Encoded from verbatim source under the current principles.
Treatment §241 is Operomise-tagged.